Table 7.
Literature review of articles showing positive systemic vascular risk factors in pseudoexfoliation
| First author (year of publication) | Country (race if available) | Sample size | Type of study | Risk factor | P-value or hazard ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vardhan (2017) | Tamil Nadu, India | 930 XFS and 476 controls | Cross-sectional clinic-based study | Systolic hypertension | 0.001 |
| Alpastan (2012) | Konya, Turkey | 31 XFS and 29 controls | Case-controlled observational study | Increased aortic stiffening | 0.021 |
| Yüksel (2006) | Kocaeli, Turkey | 25 XFS, 24 XFS glaucoma and 25 controls | Clinic-based comparative study | Decreased middle cerebral artery velocity | 0.005 |
| Yüksel (2006) | Kocaeli, Turkey | 16 XFS, 21 XFS glaucoma and 18 controls | Clinic-based case-control study | Ischemic brain damage | <0.05 |
| Kocabeyoglu 2013 | Ankara, Turkey | 40 XFS and 40 controls | Clinic-based prospective comparative study | Cerebrovascular disease | 0.026 |
| Kan (2017) | Samsun, Turkey | 50 cerebrovascular disease and 50 controls | Cross-sectional case-control study | Ischemic cerebrovascular disease | 0.02 |
| Chung (2018) | worldwide | 1308 XFS in 11 studies | Meta-analysis before 2017 | Cerebrovascular disease | 1.76 (1.40-2.22) |
| Chung (2018) | worldwide | 9583 XFS in 20 studies | Meta-analysis before 2017 | Cardiovascular disease | 1.61 (1.37-1.90) |
| Rumelaitienė (2020) | Kaunas, Lithuania | 1033 followed 10 years with XFS prevalence increasing from 10.3% to 34.2% | Longitudinal population-based study | Ischemic heart disease | 1.5 (P=0.014) |
| Djordjevic-Jocic (2012) | Nis, Serbia | 60 XFS, 60 XFS glaucoma, 60 open-angle glaucoma and 60 with cataract | Clinic-based 4-group comparison | Infrarenal AAA | <0.05 |
| Sarenac-Vulovic (2014) | Kragujevac, Serbia | 20 XFS, 20 XFS glaucoma, 20 controls | Clinic-based cross-sectional study | Abdominal aneurysm | 10% versus 0% P=0.018 |
| Wang 2014 | Meta-analysis | 16 studies 8533 XFS and 135,720 controls | Meta-analysis before 2014 | Vascular disease | 1.72 (1.31-2.26) for any vascular disease, 1.61 (1.22-2.14) for coronary heart disease, 1.59 (1.12-2.23) for cerebrovascular disease, and 2.48 (1.30-4.72) for aortic aneurysm |
AAA: Abdominal aortic aneurysm, XFS: Pseudoexfoliation, CI: Confidence interval, OR: Odds ratio