Table 1. County-level high dimensional regression models assessing racial disparities in COVID-19 death, January 21st–December 31st 2020.
Dependent Variable: Σ Cumulative Daily Death Count | Dependent Variable: Δ Daily Death Count Changes | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model (1) | Model (2) | Model (3) | Model (4) | Model (5) | Model (6) | |
Percentage African-American | 0.754*** | 0.754*** | 0.745*** | 0.002** | 0.002** | 0.002** |
(0.109) | (0.109) | (0.110) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
Percentage Hispanic | 0.336** | 0.336** | 0.330** | 0.005** | 0.005** | 0.004** |
(0.147) | (0.147) | (0.144) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
Percentage Asian | -0.966*** | -0.966*** | -0.878*** | -0.011*** | -0.011*** | -0.006** |
(0.264) | (0.264) | (0.274) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | |
Percentage Multi-Race | -0.336* | -0.337* | -0.372* | -0.004** | -0.004** | -0.004** |
(0.179) | (0.179) | (0.172) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
Percentage White | 0.142 | 0.142 | 0.179 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002* |
(0.171) | (0.171) | (0.164) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.001) | |
Constant | 36.612*** | 36.613*** | 42.435*** | 0.471*** | 0.471*** | 0.601*** |
(9.586) | (9.587) | (10.498) | (0.080) | (0.080) | (0.088) | |
Control Variables | - | - | ✔ | - | - | ✔ |
Date-Fixed Effects | - | ✔ | ✔ | - | ✔ | ✔ |
R2 | 0.074 | 0.409 | 0.410 | 0.001 | 0.101 | 0.102 |
Observation N | 1,087,132 | 1,087,132 | 1,087,132 | 1,087,132 | 1,087,132 | 1,087,132 |
County N | 3,142 | 3,142 | 3,142 | 3,142 | 3,142 | 3,142 |
Date N | 346 | 346 | 346 | 346 | 346 | 346 |
Data begins with first U.S. confirmed case on January 21, 2020 in Snohomish County, WA.
COVID-19 Data: The New York Times from January 21-December 31, 2020 [43].
Demographic Data: 2015–2019 American Community Survey Estimates [44].
All models specified with county panel-corrected clustered standard errors.
Models estimated using the reghdfe Stata package.
*ρ < 0.1;
**ρ < 0.05;
***ρ < 0.01