A	alanine
AGEs	advanced glycation end products
ASK1	apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1
ATAA	ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm
AVS	aortic valve stenosis
A549	adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell line 549
α	alpha
β	beta
Bax	Bcl2-associated X protein
Bcl2	B-cell lymphoma 2
Beas2b	bronchial epithelium cell line
BV-2	microglial cell line
C	cysteine
CABG	coronary artery bypass grafting
CD	cluster of differentiation
CHX	cycloheximide
CLP	cecal ligation and puncture
COS-7	CV-1 in origin with SV40 genes cell line
COX4	cytochrome oxidase subunit 4
C-terminal	carboxy-terminal
CXCR4	CXC chemokine receptor 4
Cys	cysteine
D	aspartic acid
Daxx	death domain-associated protein
D2R	dopamine 2 receptor
DJ-1−/−	DJ-1 knockout
E	glutamic acid
ERK	extracellular signal-regulated kinase
Foxp3	forkhead box P3
GCLM	glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit
Glu	glutamic acid
HEK293	human embryonic kidney cell line 293
HeLA	Henrietta Lacks (cancer cell line)
HIPK1	homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 1
HMOX1	heme oxygenase 1
H1299	p53 deficient cell line
H2O2	hydrogen peroxide
HL-1	cardiac cell line
H9c2	rat ventricular cell line
I	isoleucine
ICAM-1	intercellular adhesion molecule 1
IFNγ	interferon gamma
IgE	immunoglobulin E
IKK	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase
IkBα	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor,
IL-1A	interleukin 1 alpha
IL-1β	interleukin 1 beta
IL-4	interleukin 4
IL-6	interleukin 6
IL-16	interleukin 16
IL-17	interleukin 17
iNOS	inducible nitric oxide synthase
INSIST	inflammation in trauma and sepsis
IRES	internal ribosomal entry site
I-TAC	interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant
JNK	Janus kinase
K	lysine
Keap-1	kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
kDa	kilodalton
L	leucine
LAT	linker for activation of T cells
LC3	microtubule-associated protein light chain 3
LDH	lactate dehydrogenase
LDL	Low-density lipoprotein
LPS	lipopolysaccaride
LV	left ventricle
M	methionine
MAP	mitogen-activated protein
MEF	mouse embryonic fibroblasts
mmHg	millimeter of mercury
MN9D	mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons
MPP+	1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
mTOR	mammalian target of rapamycin
MTT	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
mRNA	messenger RNA
M17	neuroblastoma cells
N	asparagine
NAC	N-acetyl cysteine
NADPH	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Neuro-2A	mouse neuroblastoma cell line
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NO	nitric oxide
NQO1	NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1
Nrf2	NF-E2 related factor-2
NOX	NADPH oxidase
NOX4	NADPH oxidase 4
P	proline
PARK7	Parkinson’s disease-associated gene 7
PARP	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PH	pulmonary hypertension
pI	isoelectric point
PI3K	phosphoinositide 3 kinase
PLCγ	phospholipase C gamma
POAF	post-operative atrial fibrillation
PTEN	phosphatase and tensin homolog
Q	glutamine
qPCR	quantitative polymerase chain reaction
RAA	right atrial appendage
RAGE	receptor for advanced glycation endproducts
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SDF-1	stromal cell derived factor
SEM	standard error of the mean
SG2NA	S/G2 nuclear autoantigen
SHSY5Y	human neuroblastoma cell line
siRNA	small interfering ribonucleic acid
SIRT1	sirtuin 1
SK-N-BE-2C	human neuroblastoma cell line
SR	sinus rhythm
STAT1	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1
Syk	spleen tyrosine kinase
SO2	sulfinate
SO3	sulfonate
T	threonine
TNF	tumor necrosis factor
Tom20	translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20
Trx1	thioredoxin 1
Th1	T helper 1
Th17	T helper 17
μM	micromolar
U2O2	human bone osteosarcoma epithelial cell line
WBC	white blood cell
WT	wild type