| FOS | fructo-oligosaccharides |
| DO | dissolved oxygen |
| GF4 | 1-fructofuranosyl nystose |
| GF5 | 1,1,1,1-kestohexose |
| GF2 | 1-kestose |
| GF3 | nystose |
| Yp/s | FOS yield |
| Yp/b | specific FOS production (FOS/biomass), |
| Ye/b | specific activity of fructosyltransferase (fructosyltransferase activity/biomass) |