Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and concomitant treatments of the intention-to-treat population
| Azithromycin group (n=147) | Standard care group (n=148) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertension | |||
| Yes | 25 (17%) | 27 (18%) | |
| No | 122 (83%) | 121 (82%) | |
| Diabetes | |||
| Yes | 11 (7%) | 14 (9%) | |
| No | 136 (93%) | 134 (91%) | |
| Gender | |||
| Men | 76 (52%) | 76 (51%) | |
| Women | 71 (48%) | 72 (49%) | |
| Age, years | 45·5 (14·2) | 46·3 (15·5) | |
| COS* | 6·36 (3·64) | 7·00 (3·87) | |
| COS Plus* | 7·66 (4·65) | 8·86 (5·25) | |
| Duration of symptoms, days | 5·77 (3·49) | 6·27 (3·55) | |
| Ethnicity | |||
| White | 103 (70%) | 98 (66%) | |
| Asian or Asian British | 23 (16%) | 24 (16%) | |
| Black or Black British | 6 (4%) | 5 (3%) | |
| Mixed | 0 | 4 (3%) | |
| Other† | 15 (10%) | 17 (11%) | |
| Smoking | |||
| Never smoked | 81 (55%) | 76 (51%) | |
| Former smoker | 25 (17%) | 26 (18%) | |
| Current smoker | 16 (11%) | 17 (11%) | |
| Former smoker and current vaper | 3 (2%) | 4 (3%) | |
| Never smoked and current vaper | 0 | 1 (1%) | |
| Not recorded | 16 (11%) | 19 (13%) | |
| Residence | |||
| Non-residential care | 132 (90%) | 137 (93%) | |
| Residential care | 7 (5%) | 3 (2%) | |
| No fixed address | 5 (3%) | 4 (3%) | |
| Live alone | |||
| Yes | 17 (12%) | 13 (9%) | |
| No | 108 (73%) | 110 (74%) | |
| Work status | |||
| Retired | 15 (10%) | 23 (16%) | |
| Working | 101 (69%) | 95 (64%) | |
| Not working | 22 (15%) | 21 (14%) | |
| Occupation | |||
| Not health-care related | 77 (52%) | 69 (47%) | |
| Health-care worker | 20 (14%) | 23 (16%) | |
| Laboratory worker | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| None | 107 (73%) | 107 (72%) | |
| At least one | 33 (22%) | 37 (25%) | |
| Asthma | |||
| Yes | 26 (18%) | 27 (18%) | |
| No | 121 (82%) | 121 (82%) | |
| History of previous myocardial infarction | |||
| Yes | 5 (3%) | 7 (5%) | |
| No | 142 (97%) | 141 (95%) | |
| Currently undergoing any cancer treatment | |||
| Yes | 1 (1%) | 0 | |
| No | 146 (99%) | 148 (100%) | |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | |||
| Yes | 7 (5%) | 5 (3%) | |
| No | 140 (95%) | 143 (97%) | |
| Severity scale score‡ | |||
| Ambulatory, no limitation of activities | 61 (41%) | 66 (45%) | |
| Limitation of simple activities | 85 (58%) | 81 (55%) | |
| Admitted to hospital, mild disease, no oxygen therapy | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | |
| Pneumonia§ | |||
| Yes | 28 (19%) | 34 (23%) | |
| No | 119 (81%) | 114 (77%) | |
| Swab results¶ | |||
| Positive | 76 (52%) | 76 (51%) | |
| Negative | 41 (28%) | 38 (26%) | |
| Failed assay | 0 | 3 (2%) | |
| Not available | 30 (20%) | 31 (21%) | |
Data are n (%) or mean (SD). COS=core outcome set.
COVID-19 COS score of clinical symptoms is a total score of six common and important clinical symptoms, each scored as 0 (no), 1 (mild), 2 (moderate), or 3 (significant); an amended version, COS PLUS, contains an additional two clinical symptoms, anosmia and dysgeusia; COS scores range 0–18 and COS Plus scores 0–24, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms.
Other includes Chinese, any other ethnic group, and not stated.
Severity scale scores range 0–8, with higher scores indicating the most severe status, death.
Pneumonia is defined as consolidation on a chest x-ray, if a chest x-ray was not taken it is assumed there was no pneumonia.
Swab test results are only available for those who had a COVID-19 swab at randomisation.