Table 4.

Comparing effect sizes of the self-report significantly improved, slightly improved, unchanged or worsening group on overall change scores for TEQ and THI.

		TEQ			THI
Group	N	Change Scores after intervention	SDpooled	ES	Change Scores after intervention	SDpooled	ES
Worsening	16	−1.63	3.42	−0.48	2.75	21.17	0.13
Unchanged	50	0.08	3.67	0.02	7.12	24.31	0.29
Slightly improved	40	2.15	3.58	0.60	16.45	23.79	0.69
Significantly improved	67	5.79	3.04	1.90	26.96	20.75	1.30

ES = effect size, SD_pooled = the pooled standard deviation, X_average is in short for mean scores. ES < 0.2 indicates no effect size, 0.2–0.5, a small ES, 0.5–0.8, a medium ES, and ≥ 0.8, a large ES.

$\text{S}{\text{D}}_{\text{pooled}}=\sqrt{\frac{{(\text{S}{\text{D}}_{\text{pre}-\text{intervention}})}^2+{(\text{S}{\text{D}}_{\text{post}-\text{intervention}})}^2}{2}};\text{ES}=\frac{\text{Xaverag}{\text{e}}_{\text{pre-intervention}}-\text{Xaverag}{\text{e}}_{\text{post-intervention}}}{\text{S}{\text{D}}_{\text{pooled}}}.$