Table 1.
Intrinsic activity and catalytic efficiency of typical metal- and metal oxide-based nanozymes
| Nanomaterial | Surface modification | Activity | Catalyst efficiency: kcat (s−1), substrate, Km (mM), Vmax (μM s−1) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monometal | ||||
| Au NPs | GOx | 18.52, glucose, 6.97, 0.63 | [133] | |
| Au NCs | Amine-terminated PAMAM dendrimer | POD,CAT,SOD | –, H2O2,16.0,0.452 (CAT) | [80] |
| Pt NPs | BSA | POD | –, TMB, 0.119, 0.21 | [134] |
| –, H2O2, 41.8, 0.167 | ||||
| Pt NCs | POD | –, TMB, 0.096, 0.1414 | [135] | |
| –, H2O2, 3.07, 0.1817 | ||||
| Pd NPs | Carboxylated chitosan | POD | –, TMB,0.09, 0.177 | [136] |
| –, H2O2, 537.71, 0.112 | ||||
| Ru NPs | HRP, OXD | –, TMB,0.234, 0.0825 (HRP) | [137] | |
| –, H2O2, 2.206, 0.583 (HRP) | ||||
| Cu NCs | POD | –, TMB, 0.648, 0.0596 | [138] | |
| –, H2O2, 29.16, 0.0422 | ||||
| Os NPs | Citrate | POD | 1.72 × 103,TMB, 0.096, 0.412 | [139] |
| 2.35 × 103, H2O2, 3.88, 0.565 | ||||
| Ir NPs | Citrate | POD,CAT,OXD | 5 × 102, TMB, 0.0906, 1.7 (POD) | [140] |
| 4.4 × 102, H2O2, 0.27, 1.5 (POD) | ||||
| –, H2O2, 21.09, – (CAT) | ||||
| Rh NPs | Citrate | POD | 3.87 × 102, TMB, 0.198, 0.0678 | [141] |
| 1.38 × 103, H2O2, 0.38, 0.241 | ||||
| Metal alloy | ||||
| Au2Pt | CAT | –, H2O2, 7.7066, 0.9018 | [142] | |
| AgPt NPs | BSA | CAT,POD | 0.751 × 103,OPD,0.129,89.71 (POD) | [17] |
| 1.075 × 103, H2O2,76.05, 128.49 (POD) | ||||
| 183.735 × 103, H2O2,54.30, 16.2 (CAT) | ||||
| Au–Pt NCs | Guanosine monophosphate (GMP) | OXD | –, TMB, 6.805, 2.538 | [143] |
| –, ABTS, 0.1321,0.1798 | ||||
| Fe–Pt NPs | OXD | –, TMB, 0.030, 0.0142 | [144] | |
| Pd/Pt NWs | OXD | –, TMB, 0.058, 0.114 | [33] | |
| NiPd NPs | CAT,POD,OXD | –, TMB,0.11, 0.0152 (POD) | [83] | |
| –, H2O2, 0.66, 0.2618 (POD) | ||||
| Metal oxide | ||||
| MnO2 NSs | HSA | OXD | –, TMB, 0.042,0.212 | [145] |
| Mn3O4 NPs | OXD | –, TMB, 0.08, 0.4817 | [146] | |
| Fe3O4 | histidine | POD | 1.8256 × 105, TMB, 6.22, 0.157 | [105] |
| 1.6965 × 105, H2O2, 10.58, 0.1459 | ||||
| CeO2 NPs | Phosphatase | –, pNPP, 0.74, 7.33 × 10–6 | [147] | |
| CeO2 NRs | SO42− | OXD | 16.55, TMB, 0.22, 0.48 | [148] |
| Co3O4 NPs | CAT | 1.63 × 104, H2O2, 34.3, 11.2 | [103] | |
| Co3O4 NPs | OXD | –, TMB, 0.051, 0.033 | [104] | |
| –, ABTS, 0.037,0.032 | ||||
| Co3O4 nanoflowers | POD,CAT, OXD,SOD | –, TMB, 0.2830, 0.1052 (POD) | [149] | |
| –, H2O2, 5.9322, 0.0985 (POD) | ||||
| –, H2O2,839.85, 1466.66 (CAT) | ||||
| –, TMB, 0.0469, 0.0459 (OXD) | ||||
| NiO nanoflowers | SOD | 2.6 × 1010, O2˙−, 0.043,35 | [106] | |
| Core/shell nanostructure | ||||
| Au@Pt | POD | 1.475 × 103,TMB, 0.00243, 0.04425 | [150] | |
| 2.004 × 103, H2O2, 0.00407, 0.06013 | ||||
| Fe3O4@MoS2 | POD | –, TMB,0.25, 0.111 | [151] | |
| –, H2O2, 1.39, 1.63 | ||||
| Fe3O4@C NWs | POD | –, TMB,0.20, 0.0134 | [152] | |
| –, H2O2, 0.23,0.0241 | ||||
| Co@Fe3O4 | POD | –, TMB,1.17, 0.379 | [153] | |
| –, H2O2, 0.19,0.715 | ||||
| Au/CeO2 NPs | POD,CAT,SOD | –, TMB, 0.29, 0.039 (POD) | [154] | |
| –, H2O2, 44.69, 0.0223 (POD) | ||||
| Cu2O@TiO2 NWs | OXD | 15.25, glucose, –, 0.915 | [155] | |
| Pd cube@CeO2 NPs | OXD | –, TMB, 0.21, – | [156] | |
| Hybrid nanozymes | ||||
| PVP/IrPt NPs | CAT,POD,OXD | –, TMB, 0.16, 2.25 (POD) | [157] | |
| –, H2O2, 0.75, 2.66 (POD) | ||||
| Fe3O4/CoFe-LDH | POD | –, TMB, 0.395, – | [158] | |
| –, H2O2, 10.24, – | ||||
| Co3O4@β-cyclodextrin NPs | POD | –, TMB, 0.17, 0.0281 | [36] | |
| –, H2O2, 1.42, 0.0285 | ||||
| HS-Pt NPs | OXD | –, TMB, 0.01012, – | [159] | |
| His@AuNCs/RGO | OXD | –, TMB, 0.031, 0.0655 | [160] | |
BSA bovine serum albumin, PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone, PNPP p-nitrophenyl phosphate, LDH layered double hydroxides, HS heparin sodium, RGO reduced graphene oxide, His histidine, GOx glucose oxidase, HRP horseradish peroxidase, OPD o-phenylenediamine, NSs nanosheets, HSA human serum albumin