Table 3.
List of recent publications on the reusing and recycling process related to cleaning agents' product packaging.
| Article title | Strategies | Assessment | Year | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minimization of household hazardous solid waste (HHSW) with 4R concepts (reduce, reuse, recycle, and recover) in Padang City, Indonesia | Returning plastic and bottle packaging for reusing | - Soap waste components are reused by reuse packaging. - Packaging production is reduced by returning plastic and bottle packaging to the manufacturer or factory. - Recollecting plastic waste packaging is more complex than recycling plastic; thus, 9% of the total product is in the environmental producer responsibility program. |
2019 | (Ruslinda et al., 2019) |
| Systematic packaging design tools integrating functional and environmental consequences on product life cycle: Case studies on laundry detergent and milk | Refill packaging production as an eco-friendly solution | - The emission factor in the life cycle assessment for liquid detergent bottle packaging production is 284 g CO2eq/unit, while the emission factor for refill packaging production as environmentally conscious behavior is 62.6 g CO2eq/unit. | 2020 | (Yokokawa et al., 2020) |
| Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Multiple Liquid Laundry Detergent Packaging Formats | Use of high-density polyethylene pourable bottle | - Packaging systems containing conventional pourable bottles made of high-density polyethylene have lower environmental burdens than packaging systems containing water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol pods. | 2020 | (Kim and Park, 2020) |
| Analyzing the packaging strategy of packaging-free supermarkets | Packaging-free supermarkets (the larger the container, the lower the material consumption) |
- The use of reusable buckets as detergents and shower gels reduces ecosystems' damage by reducing the negative impact on agricultural occupation, climate change, and water depletion and improving overall environmental performance. | 2021 | (Scharpenberg et al., 2021) |
| Sustainability of reusable packaging–Current situation and trends | Refillable by the bulk dispenser and returnable packaging | - The detergent producer provides refilling systems in stores, and dispensers for personal care and cleaning products. - 70% of packaging is returned, cleaned, and refilled by the company. |
2020 | (Coelho et al., 2020) |
| Laminated film for packaging US10046395B2 |
Paper-free packaging | - Sustainable plastic laminated films are produced by polyester, polyethylene, and metallized polyester. | 2018 | (Janardhana and Tewari, 2018) |
| Product packaging US20200239211A1 |
Blister packs easily collected after use | - Biodegradable materials or a recyclable material are used. | 2018 | (Boulton and Iyer, 2020) |
| Drivers, opportunities, and barriers for a retailer in the pursuit of more sustainable packaging redesign | Reducing the environmental impact by redesigning packaging | - The bigger detergent powder packaging saves materials, energies, transportation, and water per kilo of product sold. | 2020 | (Gustavo et al., 2018) |
| The Consumer Acceptance Of Primary Packaging Alternatives | Sustainable packaging | - the sustainability of products and their packaging increase | 2020 | (Habermann, 2020) |