Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and treatment in the PSM cohorts
| Variables | Tamoxifen (n = 154) | Toremifene (n = 154) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 44.0 [40.0–48.0] | 44.0 [40.0–48.0] | 0.890 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.1 [20.6–23.7] | 21.7 [20.4–23.5] | 0.444 |
| Menstrual status | 0.239 | ||
| Premenopausal | 146 (94.8) | 150 (97.4) | |
| Postmenopausal | 8 (5.2) | 4 (2.6) | |
| Hypertension | 14 (9.1) | 14 (9.1) | 1.000 |
| Diabetes | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1.9) | 0.246 |
| Cancer stage | 0.024 | ||
| 0a | 23 (14.9) | 22 (14.3) | |
| 1 | 48 (31.2) | 72 (46.8) | |
| 2 | 53 (34.4) | 43 (27.9) | |
| 3 | 30 (19.5) | 17 (11.0) | |
| Pathologic type | 0.339 | ||
| Ductal or lobular carcinoma in situ | 23 (14.9) | 26 (16.9) | |
| Invasive ductal or lobular carcinoma | 123 (79.9) | 114 (74.0) | |
| Othersb | 8 (5.2) | 14 (9.1) | |
| Hormone receptor status | |||
| ER positive | 145 (94.2) | 152 (98.7) | 0.032 |
| PR positive | 132 (85.7) | 140 (90.9) | 0.156 |
| HER-2 positive | 26 (16.9) | 28 (18.2) | 0.764 |
| Therapeutic schedule | |||
| Chemotherapy | 127 (82.5) | 111 (72.1) | 0.030 |
| Radiation therapy | 53 (34.4) | 67 (43.5) | 0.102 |
| Trastuzumab | 9 (5.8) | 14 (9.1) | 0.278 |
| Ovarian function suppression | 16 (10.4) | 27 (17.5) | 0.071 |
| Traditional Chinese medicine | 29 (18.8) | 36 (23.4) | 0.328 |
| Endocrine therapy duration, months | 36.0 [18.2–36.0] | 36.0 [28.1–36.0] | < 0.001 |
| Laboratory values | |||
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.8 [4.2–5.5] | 4.9 [4.5–5.4] | 0.483 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L | 1.0 [0.7–1.6] | 0.9 [0.7–1.2] | 0.055 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.4 [1.2–1.7] | 1.4 [1.3–1.7] | 0.245 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.7 [2.2–3.3] | 2.8 [2.4–3.2] | 0.913 |
| ALT, IU/L | 13.0 [10.0–17.0] | 13.0 [10.0–16.0] | 0.656 |
| AST, IU/L | 18.0 [16.0–21.0] | 18.0 [16.0–21.0] | 0.698 |
| ALT/AST ratio | 0.7 [0.6–0.9] | 0.7 [0.6–0.8] | 0.892 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 5.3 [4.9–5.7] | 5.3 [4.8–5.8] | 0.851 |
Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation, median [interquartile range] or number (%)
Abbreviations: BMI body mass index; ER estrogen receptor; PR progesterone receptor; HER-2 Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2; HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; ALT alanine aminotransferase; AST aspartate aminotransferase;
aDuctal or lobular carcinoma in situ and Paget’s disease were included in stage 0.
bOther pathological types included mucinous, tubular, papillary, and Paget’s disease.