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. 2021 Jun 4;45(6):529–536. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkab064

Table III.

Recommended Tier II Drugs/Drug Classes

DRE category; cannabis
Synthetic cannabinoids
DRE category; CNS stimulants
Cathinones
Methylphenidate
Mitragynine
DRE category; CNS depressants
Atypical antipsychotics
Barbiturates
Carbamazepine
Chlordiazepoxide
Chlorpheniramine
Cyclobenzaprine
Diphenhydramine
Doxylamine
Gabapentin
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate
Hydroxyzine
Lamotrigine
Mirtazapine
Novel benzodiazepines
Phenytoin
Pregabalin
Secobarbital
Topiramate
Trazodone
Tricyclic antidepressants
Valproic acid
Zopiclone
DRE category; narcotic analgesics
Fentanyl analogs
Novel opioids
Tapentadol
DRE category; dissociative drugs
Dextromethorphan
Ketamine
PCP
DRE category; inhalants
Difluoroethane
Inhalant class
DRE category; hallucinogens
Hallucinogens