Table 2.

Overall pooled odds ratio for the association between obesity and risk of susceptibility to COVID-19 and its poor clinical outcomes

Outcome	Combined sample size (n)	Articles (n)	Effect sizes (n)	I2 (%)	Pfor heterogeneity	OR (95% CI)	References
COVID-19 risk	14,669	7	12	93.0	≤ 0.001	2.42 (1.58–3.70)	[9, 16, 38, 43, 52, 54, 71]
COVID-19 severity	479,052	37	76	66.8	0.05	1.62 (1.48–1.76)	[8, 16–25, 31, 32, 34–37, 42, 45–53, 55, 57–61, 64, 67, 68, 70, 72]
Hospitalization	447,595	6	8	73.3	≤ 0.001	1.75 (1.47–2.09)	[22, 34, 47, 64, 68, 70]
Mechanical ventilation	54,459	11	18	48.5	0.01	2.24 (1.70–2.94)	[8, 34, 46, 49, 50, 57, 60, 61, 67, 68, 70]
ICU admission	58,055	10	14	74.0	≤ 0.001	1.75 (1.38–2.22)	[8, 16, 31, 34, 46, 50, 55, 58, 60, 68]
Death	78,260	18	24	60.6	≤ 0.001	1.23 (1.06–1.41)	[8, 25, 32, 34–37, 42, 45, 46, 51, 53, 57, 59–61, 64, 72]