Table 2.

Variation between baseline and month six in muscle characteristics and independent variables, adjusted on age and BMI from the ABLE study (n = 49)

Muscle characteristics
Independent variables	Cross-sectional area parameter (SD), p value)	SMI (parameter (SD), p value)	SMG parameter (SD), p value)	SMD parameter (SD), p value)
Physical activity level
Total physical activity (MET-minutes/week)	− 0.02 (0.06) 0.75	−  < 0.01 (< 0.01) 0.85	0.02 (0.04) 0.64	< 0.01 (< 0.01) 0.62
Moderate physical activity (MET-minutes/week)	− 0.01 (0.08) 0.87	−  < 0.01 (< 0.01) 0.98	0.02 (0.05) 0.71	< 0.01 (< 0.01) 0.75
Vigorous physical activity (MET-minutes/week)	− 0.49 (0.78) 0.53	−  < 0.01 (< 0.01) 0.65	− 0.11 (0.51) 0.83	− 0.01 (0.01) 0.87
Sitting time (minutes/week)	0.09 (0.11) 0.41	< 0.01 (< 0.01) 0.46	0.16 (0.07) 0.03	0.01 (< 0.01) 0.04
Steps/day	0.05 (0.08) 0.56	< 0.01 (< 0.01) 0.56	− 0.03 (0.03) 0.34	−  < 0.01 (< 0.01) 0.25
Physical fitness
6 min walking test (m)	− 2.60 (1.70) 0.14	− 0.01(< 0.01) 0.15	− 2.07 (1.05) 0.06	− 0.04 (0.02) 0.08
Handgrip strength right (kg)	40.55 (33.44) 0.23	0.15 (0.13) 0.25	20.17 (22.16) 0.35	0.29 (0.50) 0.57
Handgrip strength left (kg)	0.04 (3.55) 0.99	< 0.01 (0.01) 0.98	3.47 (2.27) 0.14	0.08 (0.05) 0.11
Isometric quadriceps strength (N)	2.11 (2.39) 0.38	0.01 (< 0.01) 0.33	0.85 (1.55) 0.59	0.01 (0.04) 0.74
Quality of life
Global health	− 2.85 (6.03) 0.64	− 0.01 (0.02) 0.73	2.00 (3.87) 0.61	0.04 (0.09) 0.65
Physical functioning	− 3.86 (7.33) 0.60	− 0.01 (0.03) 0.66	− 2.78 (4.71) 0.56	− 0.04 (0.11) 0.64
Fatigue symptom	2.30 (5.60) 0.68	0.01 (0.02) 0.72	5.03 (3.51) 0.16	0.11 (0.08) 0.18

Independent variables: physical activity level, physical fitness, quality of life

SMD skeletal muscle density, SMI Skeletal Muscle Index, SMG skeletal muscle gauge

p value are obtained using beta regression coefficients