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. 2021 Mar 24;58(8):1059–1070. doi: 10.1007/s00592-021-01681-2

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© The Author(s) 2021, corrected publication 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 7 — Effects of empagliflozin administration on renal inflammatory cell infiltration and tyrosine hydroxylase expression in CsA-treated rats. On the left. Immunohistochemical identification of interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration and tyrosine hydroxylase expression in kidney of control, control + Empa, CsA and CsA + Empa-treated rats. The immunostaining showed a significant increase in interstitial monocyte/macrophage cells (brown reaction) and tyrosine hydroxylase expression at intraparenchymal nerve fiber level (brown reaction) in CsA-treated rats as compared with control and control + Empa-treated rats. Empagliflozin administration prevented the increase of monocyte/macrophage infiltration and tyrosine hydroxylase expression in CsA-treated rats. Immunoperoxidase stain, in both the panels original magnification upper X20 and inferior X40. On the right: Quantification of staining of renal monocyte/macrophage inflammatory cells and tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the different groups of rats. Data are means ± SEM. *: p < 0.05. §: p < 0.01