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. 2021 Apr 25;109(2):157–178. doi: 10.1007/s00223-021-00844-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Guidance for monitoring of vitamin D status and supplementation and monitoring of calcium and phosphate metabolism in CKD stages G3–4. Based on recommendations from the different organizations summarized in Table 5. Adapted from: NKF KDOQI (2003) [75]. Finding in recent RCTs (2003–2020) included in the systematic review are summarized in yellow boxes. For abbreviations see Table 1