Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Health Econ. 2021 Apr 29;30(8):1719–1744. doi: 10.1002/hec.4280

Table 2:

Summary Statistics: Independent Variables

Full Sample Nonsmokers Smokers

Variable Mean Std Dev Mean Std Dev Mean Std Dev
Male 0.435 0.496 0.398 0.490 0.530 0.499
Age 44.334 17.780 46.197 18.563 39.526 14.514
Education
 No Education 0.020 0.142 0.023 0.150 0.014 0.118
 Completed Primary 0.334 0.472 0.346 0.476 0.303 0.460
 Completed Secondary 0.382 0.486 0.359 0.480 0.439 0.496
 Completed University 0.264 0.441 0.272 0.445 0.243 0.429
Household Size 3.447 1.967 3.389 1.943 3.596 2.021
Employment
 Employed 0.625 0.484 0.585 0.493 0.727 0.445
 Unemployed 0.044 0.204 0.038 0.192 0.058 0.233
 Out of Labor Force 0.331 0.471 0.377 0.485 0.215 0.411
Income
 Nominal Income 1823.04 2130.76 1846.66 2153.76 1762.36 2069.37
 Normalized Income* 0.000 1.000 0.002 1.001 −0.005 0.998
 Income Missing 0.055 0.227 0.056 0.229 0.052 0.221
Health
 Uninsured 0.316 0.465 0.287 0.453 0.391 0.488
 Insurance Missing 0.025 0.156 0.023 0.149 0.030 0.171
 Body Mass Index (BMI) 26.120 4.969 26.284 4.996 25.702 4.873
 BMI Missing 0.072 0.258 0.077 0.267 0.059 0.235
Age of Smoking Initiation** 17.674 5.320 17.956 5.459 17.426 5.183
 Initiation Age Missing 0.016 0.124 0.018 0.132 0.014 0.116
Full Ban 0.124 0.329 0.125 0.330 0.121 0.327
Partial Ban 0.374 0.484 0.380 0.485 0.359 0.480
Years since Full Ban*** 2.637 2.430 2.682 2.440 2.517 2.400
Years since Partial Ban*** 3.566 2.764 3.588 2.791 3.508 2.764
Samole Size 108,489 78,186 30,303

Note:

*

Income normalized using mean and standard deviation by year.

**

Age of initiation among current non-smokers who ever smoked.

***

Years since ban among those person-year observations which a provincial ban exists.