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. 2021 Jul 12;6:263. doi: 10.1038/s41392-021-00658-5

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Inflammatory signaling pathways involved in cancer development. Intracellular signaling pathways involved in inflammation and tumor development are activated via distinct receptors at the cell membrane. Subsequent downstream signaling events activate several well-characterized pathways: NF-κB, MAPK, JAK-STAT, and PI3K-AKT. These pathways regulate various inflammatory factors