Table 4.

Orthostatic response, blood pressure variability and baroreflex sensitivity, as compared to controls.

References	Variables assessed	Group	Orthostatic SBP	Orthostatic DBP	BPV	BRS	NE	Outcome
Casu et al. (2002)	Orthostatic BP	AN	↓	↓				Patients with AN demonstrated discorded sympathovagal balance during an orthostatic challenge, with a trend toward a high degree of vagal tone
Gross et al. (1979)	Orthostatic BP, NE	AN	↓	NS			↓	AN-WR patients demonstrated higher BP than acute AN patients, yet the levels were still below controls in response to an orthostatic challenge.
		AN-WR	↓	NS			NS
Ishizawa et al. (2008)	BPV, BRS	AN			LF ↓	↑		Patients with AN demonstrated decreased LF variability of BPV, indicating decreased SNS responsiveness. Increased BRS is associated with increased PNS responsiveness.
Kollai et al. (1994)	BRS	AN				↑		Patients with AN demonstrated high resting vagal activity, which is partly explained by enhanced BRS and likely contributes to bradycardia
Kreipe et al. (1994)	Orthostatic BP	AN	↓					AN patients demonstrated abnormal autonomic control of cardiovascular activity in response to an orthostatic challenge, showing low sympathetic modulation compared to HCs. This trended toward control values after 2 weeks of inpatient treatment
Lechin et al. (2010)	Orthostatic BP	AN	NS	NS			↓	There were no significant variations in BP in individuals with AN or controls in response to orthostasis
Lesem et al. (1989)	Orthostatic BP, NE	AN (T1)	↓	↓			↑	Patients with AN demonstrated decreased BP in response to an orthostatic challenge, which trended toward controls after weight stabilization. NE levels were higher in individuals with AN during orthostasis, and trended toward normal levels following weight restoration
		AN-WR (T2)	↓	↓			↓
Murialdo et al. (2007)	Orthostatic BP	AN	↓	↓				Patients with AN demonstrated reduced BP response to an orthostatic challenge, compared to HCs
Takimoto et al. (2014)	Orthostatic SBP, BPV, BRS	AN	NS		LF ↓	Phase shift ↑		Individuals with AN demonstrated altered autonomic changes in response to head-up tilting. Activation of the SNS was weak, whereas the PNS was strongly inhibited
Tonhajzerova et al. (2020)	BPV, BRS	AN			LF ↓	NS		At rest, individuals with AN demonstrated lower sympathetically mediated BPV, indicative of insufficient sympathetic cardiovascular control. BRS was significantly higher than participants with obesity but not controls.
Van Binsbergen et al. (1991)	Orthostatic NE response	AN					NS	The NE response to a postural change did not differ between individuals with AN and HCs