Table 1.
Comparison of general and resuscitative characteristics of OHCA patients
| Total (n=297) | Control period (n=145) | Study period (n=152) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 76.0 (64.0–82.0) | 74.0 (61.5–82.0) | 76.0 (66.0–81.8) | 0.159 |
| Sex | 0.432 | |||
| Male | 193 (65.0) | 91 (62.8) | 102 (67.1) | |
| Female | 104 (35.0) | 54 (37.2) | 50 (32.9) | |
| Comorbidities | 251 (84.5) | 124 (85.5) | 127 (83.6) | 0.640 |
| Hypertension | 119 (47.4) | 58 (46.8) | 61 (48.0) | 0.842 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 98 (39.0) | 52 (41.9) | 46 (36.2) | 0.353 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 46 (18.3) | 22 (17.7) | 24 (18.9) | 0.813 |
| Stroke | 31 (12.4) | 9 (7.3) | 22 (17.3) | 0.015 |
| Location | 0.170 | |||
| Home | 239 (80.5) | 112 (77.2) | 127 (83.6) | |
| Public place | 58 (19.5) | 33 (22.8) | 25 (16.4) | |
| Dispatcher recognition | 0.604 | |||
| Yes | 213 (71.7) | 106 (73.1) | 107 (70.4) | |
| No | 84 (28.3) | 39 (26.9) | 45 (29.6) | |
| Witnessed arrest | 0.740 | |||
| Yes | 134 (45.1) | 64 (44.1) | 70 (46.1) | |
| No | 163 (54.9) | 81 (55.9) | 82 (53.9) | |
| Bystander CPR | 0.444 | |||
| Yes | 186 (62.6) | 94 (64.8) | 92 (60.5) | |
| Before dispatcher instruction | 58 (31.2) | 35 (37.2) | 23 (25.0) | |
| After dispatcher instruction | 128 (68.8) | 59 (62.8) | 69 (75.0) | |
| No | 111 (37.4) | 51 (35.2) | 60 (39.5) | |
| Use of public-access AED by bystander | 1.000 | |||
| Yes | 4 (1.3) | 2 (1.4) | 2 (1.3) | |
| No | 293 (98.7) | 143 (98.6) | 150 (98.7) | |
| First documented rhythm | 0.095 | |||
| VF/pVT | 44 (14.8) | 24 (16.6) | 20 (13.2) | |
| PEA | 61 (20.5) | 36 (24.8) | 25 (16.4) | |
| Asystole | 192 (64.6) | 85 (58.6) | 107 (70.4) | |
| Prehospital IV epinephrine use | 0.639 | |||
| Yes | 127 (42.8) | 64 (44.1) | 63 (41.4) | |
| No | 170 (57.2) | 81 (55.9) | 89 (58.6) | |
| Response time (min) | 7.0 (5.0–9.0) | 6.0 (5.0–7.0) | 8.0 (7.0–11.0) | < 0.001 |
| On-scene time (min) | 19.0 (15.0–22.0) | 17.0 (14.0–20.5) | 19.0 (17.0–23.0) | < 0.001 |
| Transport time (min) | 7.0 (4.0–10.0) | 7.0 (4.0–11.0) | 7.0 (4.0–10.0) | 0.163 |
| First defibrillation time (min) | 9.0 (7.25–11.0) | 8.0 (7.0–9.0) | 11.0 (10.0–13.5) | < 0.001 |
Values are presented as median (interquartile range) or number (%).
OHCA, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; AED, automated external defibrillator; VF, ventricular fibrillation; pVT, pulseless ventricular tachycardia; PEA, pulseless electrical activity; IV, intravenous.