Table 4.

Molecular mechanisms of PCAT6 oncogenesis in various cancers

Tumor type	Expression	Molecular mechanisms	References
Ovarian cancer	High	Promotes ovarian carcinogenesis and progression by regulating PTEN, while suppression of PTEN expression counteracts the role of PCAT6 in ovarian cell carcinoma	[23]
Cervical cancer	High	Promotes proliferation and metastasis of cervical cancer cells through regulation of the Wnt/ β-catenin pathway	[26]
Colon cancer	High	Promote apoptosis in colon cancer cells by regulating the level of anti-apoptotic protein ARC	[46]
Lung cancer	High	Reduces LATS2 promoter activity by binding to EZH2 leading to H3K27 trimethylation in the LATS2 promoter region, thereby affecting the proliferation and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer cells	[25]
	High	Influences the biological function of lung cancer cells by affecting the expression of p53 and c-Myc, key proteins that regulate cancer progression	[17]
	High	Promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells through regulation of miR-330-5p	[37]
Pancreatic ductal carcinoma	High	Promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic ductal carcinoma cells by secreting miR-185-5p to upregulate the expression of the cancer-related gene CBX2	[27]
Osteosarcoma	High	Progression of osteosarcoma is accelerated by regulating the miR-143-3p/ ZEB1 pathway	[23]
	High	Activation of TGF-β pathway promotes osteosarcoma progression by sponging miR-185-5p and upregulating the expression of TGFBR1 and TGFBR2	[35]
	High	Promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by suppressing p53 and p21 expression through promotion of MDM2 expression	[33]
Stomach cancer	High	Promotes proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells by endogenously competing with miR-30 to upregulate MKRN3 expression	[39]
Bladder cancer	High	Promotes the progression of bladder cancer cells by targeting miR-513a-5p	[43]
Glioblastoma	High	Upregulates IGF2BP1 expression by miR-513, by forming a PCAT6/ miR-513/ IGF2BP1 positive feedback loop, thus promoting the progression of glioblastoma	[44]
Gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumor	High	Promotes proliferation of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumor cells through miR-143-3p upregulation of PRDX5	[47]
Breast cancer	High	Promotes TNBC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT, and angiogenesis, as well as tumor growth and metastasis via upregulation of VEGFR2 through sponging miR-4723-5p and recruiting USP14	[40]
	High	Silencing PCAT6 inhibits the proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer cells and promoted apoptosis by upregulating the expression of miR-185-5p and downregulating the expression of TPD52	[38]
Bile duct cancer	High	Inhibits cell proliferation and invasion by reducing miR-330-5p expression in bile duct cancer cells	[42]
Pituitary adenoma	High	Promotes pituitary adenoma progression by targeting the miR-139-3p/ BRD4 axis	[45]