Table 1.
Subject parameters divided by sex
| Variables | All n = 44 |
Male n = 14 |
Female n = 30 |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical parameters, mean ± SD | ||||
| Age, years | 72.4 ± 5.7 | 71.2 ± 5.8 | 72.9 ± 5.6 | .366 |
| Height, cm | 153.2 ± 8.3 | 162.2 ± 5.7 | 149.0 ± 5.4 | .000 |
| Weight, kg | 53.7 ± 11.1 | 61.8 ± 11.2 | 50.0 ± 8.9 | .000 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.8 ± 3.6 | 23.4 ± 3.3 | 22.5 ± 3.8 | .445 |
| GDS, scorea | 2.7 ± 2.5 | 1.8 ± 1.5 | 3.1 ± 2.7 | .040 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 17 (39) | 7 (50) | 10 (33) | .290 |
| Hyperlipemia | 12 (27) | 2 (14) | 10 (33) | .186 |
| Hypertension | 10 (23) | 0 (0) | 10 (33) | .014 |
| Physical performance, mean ± SD | ||||
| Five times CS, sa | 7.2 ± 1.8 | 7.0 ± 1.5 | 7.3 ± 1.9 | .641 |
| OLS, s | 49.0 ± 39.9 | 56.2 ± 49.6 | 45.7 ± 34.9 | .481 |
| Preferred GS, m/s | 1.28 ± 0.20 | 1.26 ± 0.20 | 1.29 ± 0.21 | .633 |
| Maximal GS, m/s | 1.77 ± 0.25 | 1.86 ± 0.22 | 1.72 ± 0.25 | .081 |
| Cognitive function, mean ± SD | ||||
| Global cognition, score | 14.0 ± 1.5 | 14.1 ± 1.8 | 13.9 ± 1.3 | .773 |
| WMS-R LM-I, score | 8.7 ± 4.1 | 8.0 ± 4.7 | 9.1 ± 3.9 | .431 |
| TMT-A, sa | 96.8 ± 35.9 | 97.4 ± 39.4 | 96.5 ± 34.8 | .940 |
| TMT-B, sa | 133.6 ± 69.6 | 134.1 ± 87.2 | 133.4 ± 61.4 | .974 |
| Brain atrophy, z-score, mean ± SD | ||||
| Medial temporal areaa | 0.77 ± 0.40 | 0.89 ± 0.47 | 0.71 ± 0.35 | .161 |
| GM in the whole braina | 3.66 ± 1.50 | 4.07 ± 1.95 | 3.46 ± 1.23 | .297 |
For the physical parameters, physical performance, cognitive function, and brain atrophy, the p-value for male vs. female was calculated using an unpaired t-test
For the comorbidities, the p-value for male vs. female was calculated using a chi-squared test
BMI body mass index, GDS Geriatric Depression Scale, SD standard deviation, CS chair stand, OLS one leg standing with open eyes, GS gait speed, TMT Trail Making Test, WMS-R LM Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Logical Memory Immediate, GM gray matter
aLower scores indicate better performance