Table 2.
Association of multimorbidity with primary care and hospitalisation in China
| Variables (reference) | Health check |
Medication treatment |
Outpatient care |
Admission to hospital |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | AOR | 95% CI | |||||
| Multimorbidity (none) | 1.51*** | 1.43 | 1.59 | 19.19*** | 17.60 | 20.93 | 2.39*** | 2.23 | 2.56 | 2.94*** | 2.68 | 3.21 |
| Age (45–59 years) | 1.51*** | 1.42 | 1.60 | 1.46*** | 1.34 | 1.59 | 1.04 | 0.96 | 1.11 | 1.62*** | 1.48 | 1.78 |
| Gender (male) | 1.15*** | 1.09 | 1.22 | 1.39*** | 1.27 | 1.52 | 1.31*** | 1.22 | 1.40 | 0.94 | 0.86 | 1.03 |
| Marital status (married) | 0.99 | 0.91 | 1.08 | 0.97 | 0.86 | 1.10 | 1.07 | 0.96 | 1.18 | 1.14 | 1.00 | 1.29 |
| Education (primary school and below) | ||||||||||||
| Secondary school | 1.13** | 1.05 | 1.22 | 0.86* | 0.77 | 0.97 | 0.93 | 0.85 | 1.02 | 0.87* | 0.77 | 0.98 |
| College and above | 1.48*** | 1.33 | 1.64 | 0.75*** | 0.64 | 0.88 | 0.96 | 0.85 | 1.09 | 0.77** | 0.65 | 0.90 |
| Residence place (urban) | 0.80*** | 0.75 | 0.86 | 1.03 | 0.93 | 1.14 | 1.10* | 1.01 | 1.19 | 0.88* | 0.79 | 0.97 |
| Region (Class 1, the most affluent) | ||||||||||||
| Class 2 | 0.40*** | 0.36 | 0.45 | 1.09 | 0.92 | 1.29 | 1.15* | 1.00 | 1.31 | 1.26* | 1.06 | 1.51 |
| Class 3 | 0.39*** | 0.35 | 0.44 | 1.06 | 0.89 | 1.28 | 1.00 | 0.86 | 1.16 | 1.73*** | 1.43 | 2.08 |
| Class 4 | 0.45*** | 0.40 | 0.49 | 1.15 | 0.99 | 1.34 | 1.36*** | 1.20 | 1.54 | 1.66*** | 1.41 | 1.96 |
| Class 5 ((the most deprived) | 0.37*** | 0.33 | 0.42 | 1.33** | 1.11 | 1.59 | 1.00 | 0.86 | 1.15 | 1.83*** | 1.51 | 2.20 |
| PCE, quartile (Q1, the lowest) | ||||||||||||
| Q2 | 1.08* | 1.01 | 1.16 | 1.13* | 1.02 | 1.24 | 1.16** | 1.06 | 1.26 | 1.18** | 1.05 | 1.33 |
| Q3 | 1.16*** | 1.08 | 1.25 | 1.17** | 1.06 | 1.29 | 1.12* | 1.02 | 1.22 | 1.59*** | 1.41 | 1.78 |
| Q4 (the highest) | 1.30*** | 1.21 | 1.41 | 1.22*** | 1.10 | 1.36 | 1.26*** | 1.14 | 1.38 | 1.98*** | 1.76 | 2.23 |
| Health insurance(none) | ||||||||||||
| UEBMI | 2.35*** | 2.03 | 2.73 | 1.43*** | 1.17 | 1.76 | 1.29** | 1.07 | 1.56 | 1.75 | 1.39*** | 2.20 |
| URBMI | 1.35*** | 1.15 | 1.58 | 1.37** | 1.11 | 1.69 | 1.22 | 0.99 | 1.49 | 1.40 | 1.09** | 1.79 |
| NCMS | 1.36*** | 1.21 | 1.52 | 1.22** | 1.05 | 1.42 | 1.51*** | 1.31 | 1.75 | 1.50 | 1.24*** | 1.81 |
| Others | 2.16*** | 1.76 | 2.67 | 1.51** | 1.14 | 2.01 | 1.31** | 1.01 | 1.70 | 1.35 | 0.98 | 1.86 |
PCE Per capita household annual consumption expenditure, UEBMI Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance, URBMI Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance, NCMS New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme; Others, government healthcare, private medical insurance and so on. ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05 significance test