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. 2021 Jun 28;12:640179. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.640179

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Copyright © 2021 Salam, Porras, Cho, Brown, Risener, Marquez, Lyles, Bacsa, Horswill and Quave.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Other effects of castaneroxy A (1). (A) Compound 1 and its parent fractions do not inhibit biofilm formation in UAMS-1. Clindamycin was used as a control to demonstrate biofilm inhibition due to growth inhibition. The left graph shows optical density (OD), indicating growth as a result of treatment; the right graph shows crystal violet (CV) stain density retained by biofilms after treatment as a measure of biofilm production. (B) Concentration response curves demonstrate modest cytotoxicity of 1 and 224C-F2 against human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells).