Table 1.
Characteristics of All Participants
| Characteristics | All N=457 |
65–74 N=299 |
≥ 75 N=158 |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 73 ± 6 | 69 ± 3 | 80 ± 5 | < 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 142 ± 15 | 142 ± 15 | 143 ± 16 | 0.508 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 92 ± 8 | 92 ± 7 | 93 ± 9 | 0.190 |
| Female (%) | 252 (55.1) | 160 (53.5) | 92 (58.2) | 0.387 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.2 ± 3.8 | 25.6 ± 3.8 | 24.5 ± 3.9 | 0.007 |
| Waist circumference cm | 87.0 ± 10.2 | 87.6 ± 10.1 | 85.7 ± 10.3 | 0.052 |
| Calf circumference cm | 33.5 ± 3.5 | 34.0 ± 3.4 | 32.6 ± 3.4 | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 303 (66.3) | 217 (72.6) | 86 (54.4) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 296 (64.8) | 209 (69.9) | 87 (55.1) | 0.002 |
| Dyslipidemia | 221 (48.4) | 153 (51.2) | 68 (43.0) | 0.120 |
| ICOPE score | 0.2 ± 0.5 | 0.1 ± 0.4 | 0.4 ± 0.6 | < 0.001 |
| Geriatric functional impairment | 78 (17.1) | 37 (12.4) | 41 (25.9) | < 0.001 |
| Cognitive decline | 25 (5.5) | 10 (3.3) | 15 (9.5) | 0.011 |
| Limited mobility | 13 (2.8) | 3 (1) | 10 (6.3) | 0.003 |
| Malnutrition | 10 (2.2) | 1 (0.3) | 9 (5.1) | 0.001 |
| Visual impairment | 32 (7.0) | 18 (6.0) | 14 (8.9) | 0.348 |
| Hearing loss | 8 (1.8%) | 4 (1.3) | 4 (2.5) | 0.582 |
| Depressive symptoms | 9 (2.0) | 6 (2.0) | 3 (1.9) | 1.000 |
| HbA1c % | 6.9 ± 1.1 | 6.9 ± 1.1 | 6.7 ±1.0 | 0.158 |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 112 ± 38 | 114 ± 42 | 108 ± 31 | 0.084 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.2 ± 4.6 | 1.3 ± 5.7 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 0.563 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 75.8 ± 21.3 | 79.5 ± 21.7 | 68.8 ± 18.7 | < 0.001 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 95 ± 28 | 96 ± 29 | 93 ± 27 | 0.205 |
Abbreviations: SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate by CKD-EPI formula; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.