KEY RESOURCES TABLE

REAGENT or RESOURCE	SOURCE	IDENTIFIER
Antibodies
Purified anti-human/mouse CD49f Antibody	BioLegend	Cat#313602; RRID: AB_345296
Monoclonal Anti-Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) antibody produced in mouse	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#G3893; RRID: AB_477010
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Polyclonal (Concentrate)	Dako	Cat#Z0334; RRID: AB_10013382
Anti-Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Antibody, clone GA5	EMD Millipore	Cat#MAB360; RRID: AB_11212597
PE Rat Anti-Human CD49f	BD Biosciences	Cat#555736; RRID: AB_396079
Monoclonal Anti-S-100 (β-Subunit) antibody produced in mouse	Sigma	Cat#S2532; RRID: AB_477499
Anti-Vimentin antibody	Abcam	Cat#ab8978; RRID: AB_306907
C3d Complement (Multipurpose)	Dako	Cat#A0063; RRID: AB_578478
NF-1A antibody (pAb)	Active Motif	Cat#39397; RRID: AB_2314931
Anti-AQP4 antibody produced in rabbit	Sigma	Cat#HPA014784; RRID: AB_1844967
Sox9 (D8G8H) Rabbit mAb	Cell Signaling	Cat#82630T; RRID: AB_2665492
Anti-EAAT1 antibody	Abcam	Cat#ab416; RRID: AB_304334
Anti-MAP2 antibody	Abcam	Cat#ab5392; RRID: AB_2138153
Integrin alpha 6/CD49f Antibody	Novus Biologicals	Cat#NBP1-85747; RRID: AB_11039415
EAAT2 Antibody (E-1)	Santa Cruz Biotechnology	Cat#sc-365634; RRID: AB_10844832
Human TIMP-1 Antibody	R&D Systems	Cat#AF970; RRID: AB_355751
β-Actin Antibody (C4)	Santa Cruz Biotechnology	Cat#sc-47778; RRID: AB_2714189
Biological Samples
Human healthy brain tissue	Advanced Tissue Services	http://advancedtissueservices.com/
Human Azheimer’s disease patient brain tissue	Rhode Island Hospital Brain Tissue Resource Center	https://www.brown.edu/research/facilities/brain-tissue-resource-center/
Primary mouse cortical neurons	ThermoFisher	Cat#A15586
Chemicals, Peptides, and Recombinant Proteins
Stemolecule SB431542	Stemgent	Cat#04-0010
Stemolecule LDN-193189	Stemgent	Cat#04-0074
Retinoic acid	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#R2625
Smoothened Agonist, SAG	EMD Millipore	Cat#566660
Recombinant Human PDGF-AA Protein, CF	R&D Systems	Cat#221-AA-050
Recombinant Human IGF-I/IGF-1 Protein, CF	R&D Systems	Cat#291-G1-200
Recombinant Human HGF Protein	R&D Systems	Cat#294-HG-025
Neurotrophin 3	EMD Millipore	Cat#GF031
3,3’,5-Triiodo-L-thyronine	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#T2877
Biotin	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#4639
N6,2’-O-Dibutyryladenosine 3’,5’-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#D0260
L-Ascorbic acid	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#A4403
Recombinant Human TNF-alpha Protein	R&D Systems	Cat#210-TA-020
Interleukin-1α from rat	Sigma	Cat#I3901
Complement Component C1q Native Protein	MyBioSource	Cat#MBS143105
Recombinant Mouse IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein	R&D Systems	Cat#401-ML-005
B27 supplement, minus antioxidants	ThermoFisher	10889038
Critical Commercial Assays
Human Cell Surface Marker Screening Panel	BD Biosciences	Cat#560747; RRID: AB_1953343
Glutamate Assay Kit	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat#MAK004
Rhod-3 Calcium Imaging Kit	ThermoFisher	Cat#R10145
Fluo-4, AM, cell permeant	Invitrogen	Cat#F14201
ProcartaPlex Custom Panel of cytokines	ThermoFisher	https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/life-science/antibodies/immunoassays/procartaplex-assays-luminex/procartaplex-immunoassays/procartaplex-custom-panels.html
IncuCyte® Caspase-3/7 Green Apoptosis Assay Reagent	Sartorius	Cat#4440
IncuCyte® NucLight Rapid Red Reagent for nuclear labeling	Sartorius	Cat#4717
Deposited Data
Bulk RNA sequencing data	This paper	AD Knowledge Portal (insert accession number)
Single-cell RNA sequencing data	This paper	AD Knowledge Portal (insert accession number)
Primary astrocyte RNA sequencing data	Zhang et al., 2016	GEO: GSE73721
hiPSC-derived astrocyte RNA sequencing data	TCW et al., 2017	GEO: GSE97904
Regional hiPSC-astrocyte RNA sequencing data	Bradley et al., 2019	GEO: GSE133489
hiPSC-astrocyte RNAseq data at different maturation stages	Sloan et al. 2017	GEO: GSE99951
Experimental Models: Cell Lines
Human induced pluripotent stem cell lines	The NYSCF Repository	https://nyscf.org/research-institute/repository-stem-cell-search/
Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains
Mouse: Aldh1l1eGFP transgenic mice on a C57BL/6J background	GENSAT	RRID: MMRRC 036071-UCD
Rat: Sprague Dawley dams	Charles River	Strain code: 400
Oligonucleotides
Taqman gene expression assays	ThermoFisher	Cat#4331182
Software and Algorithms
Harmony High-Content Imaging and Analysis Software	PerkinElmer	https://www.perkinelmer.com/product/harmony-4-9-office-license-hh17000010
FlowJo v9	BD Biosciences	RRID: SCR_008520; https://www.flowjo.com/
CellProfiler Cell Image Analysis Software	Broad Institute	RRID: SCR_007358 https://cellprofiler.org/
Prism Software	GraphPad	RRID: SCR_002798 https://www.graphpad.com/scientific-software/prism/
ImageJ	National Institutes of Health	RRID: SCR_003070 https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/
xPONENT Software	Luminex Corporation	https://www.luminexcorp.com/xponent/
pCLAMP Electrophysiology Data Acquisition & Analysis Software	Molecular Devices	RRID: SCR_011323 https://www.moleculardevices.com/products/axon-patch-clamp-system/acquisition-and-analysis-software/pclamp-software-suite
IncuCyte® Analysis Software	Sartorius	https://www.essenbioscience.com/en/products/software/incucyte-base-software/
Compass software for Simple Western	ProteinSimple	https://www.proteinsimple.com/software_compass_simplewestern.html
STAR aligner	Dobin et al., 2013	RRID: SCR_015899 https://github.com/alexdobin/STAR
featureCounts	Liao et al., 2014	RRID: SCR_012919 http://bioinf.wehi.edu.au/featureCounts/
salmon	Patro et al., 2017	RRID: SCR_017036 https://combine-lab.github.io/salmon/
muscat	Crowell et al., 2019	https://bioconductor.org/packages/3.11/bioc/html/muscat.html
scds	Bais et al., 2019	https://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/scds.html
scater	McCarthy et al., 2017	RRID: SCR_015954 https://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/scater.html
Seurat v3.1.0	Stuart et al., 2019	RRID: SCR_016341 https://satijalab.org/seurat/
Other
User-friendly resource website with all RNA sequencing data	This paper	https://nyscfseq.appspot.com/
The bulk and single cell RNA-sequencing data	This paper	The Synapse open source platform (syn21861229) https://www.synapse.org/#!Synapse:syn21861229