Table 2.
Key points of massive envenomation by killer bees (more than 1 sting/kg)
| Systemic reaction | ||
|---|---|---|
| Immediate | Delayed | |
| Diagnosis | • Anaphylaxis: | • Rhabdomyolysis |
| ⇒ Involvement of the skin-mucosal tissue, | • Acute renal failure | |
| ⇒ Respiratory compromise, | ||
| ⇒ Reduced BP or associated symptoms, | ||
| ⇒ Persistent gastrointestinal symptoms. | ||
| Treatment recommended by learned societies | • Epinephrine IM, 10 µg/kg, repeated every 10–15 minutes until there is a response, | • Isotonic saline hydration. |
| • Vascular filling, | ||
| • Oxygen therapy if needed. | ||