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. 2021 Jun 28;8:661380. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.661380

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Copyright © 2021 Arbab, Lu, Abdalla, Idris, Chen, Li, Mao, Xu and Yang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Dose-dependent effect of LTA in PBMECs. Effect of lipoteichoic acid on SOD1 and Gpx1 antioxidant enzyme and COX2 expressions measured in PBMECs to determine the suitable LTA dose by qRT-PCR (A–C). For optimum LTA dose confirmation, the expression of COX2 protein was measured in PBMECs stimulated with LTA (100 μg/mL) (D). Glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is used as a control. Graphs show the densitometric analysis (protein/GAPDH) from three independent experiments. Values represent means ± SEM. LTA, lipoteichoic acid. Different uppercase letters (A–D) on the top of bars indicate significant differences (n = 3, p < 0.05) among the groups.