Table 2.
Food ordering patterns of participating youths before and after COVID-19 lockdown
| Variables | Percentage or mean ± standard deviation | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High school students | Undergraduate students | Graduate students | All (n = 10,082) | |||||||
| Male (n = 678) | Female (n = 2146) | Total (n = 2824) | Male (n = 2106) | Female (n = 4918) | Total (n = 7024) | Male (n = 68) | Female (n = 166) | Total (n = 234) | ||
| Weekly frequency of food ordering | ||||||||||
| Pre-lockdown | ||||||||||
| None | 92.0*** | 93.5*** | 93.1*** | 83.8*** | 80.9*** | 81.7*** | 77.9* | 62.0*** | 66.7*** | 84.6*** |
| 1–3 days/week | 6.5*** | 5.5*** | 5.8*** | 11.2*** | 16.0*** | 14.6*** | 19.1* | 26.5*** | 24.4*** | 12.3*** |
| 4–6 days/week | 0.6*** | 0.5*** | 0.5*** | 2.6*** | 1.8*** | 2.0*** | 2.9* | 4.3*** | 3.8*** | 1.6*** |
| 7 days/week | 0.9*** | 0.5*** | 0.6*** | 2.4*** | 1.3*** | 1.7*** | 0.1* | 7.2*** | 5.1*** | 1.5*** |
| Post-lockdown | ||||||||||
| None | 95.3*** | 95.1*** | 95.1*** | 90.1*** | 88.6*** | 89.0*** | 92.6* | 88.0*** | 89.3*** | 90.8*** |
| 1–3 days/week | 3.8*** | 4.3*** | 4.2*** | 7.6*** | 9.8*** | 9.2*** | 5.9* | 12.0*** | 10.3*** | 7.8*** |
| 4–6 days/week | 0.5*** | 0.5*** | 0.5*** | 1.3*** | 1.0*** | 1.1*** | 0.0* | 0.0*** | 0.0*** | 0.9*** |
| 7 days/week | 0.4*** | 0.1*** | 0.2*** | 1.0*** | 0.6*** | 0.7*** | 1.5* | 0.0*** | 0.4*** | 0.5*** |
| Average weekly frequency of food ordering (days/week) | ||||||||||
| Pre-lockdown | 0.2 ± 0.9*** | 0.2 ± 0.7*** | 0.2 ± 0.8*** | 0.5 ± 1.4*** | 0.5 ± 1.2*** | 0.5 ± 1.3*** | 0.5 ± 1.1* | 1.2 ± 2.0*** | 1.0 ± 1.8*** | 0.4 ± 1.2*** |
| Post-lockdown | 0.1 ± 0.7*** | 0.1 ± 0.6*** | 0.1 ± 0.6*** | 0.3 ± 1.0*** | 0.3 ± 0.9*** | 0.3 ± 0.9*** | 0.2 ± 1.0* | 0.2 ± 0.7*** | 0.2 ± 0.8*** | 0.2 ± 0.9*** |
All variables were significantly different (P < 0.05) across educational levels (high school students, undergraduate students, graduate students) within the overall population and within given sex (male, female). Values under a given variable were shown in bold, if the difference between sexes within a given educational level was significant (P < 0.05); and marked by asterisks, if the difference before and after COVID-19 lockdown within a given educational level and sex was significant (*P < 0.05,**P < 0.01,***P < 0.001)