TABLE 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study group according to the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP)
| Characteristic | MAP (n = 30) | MSAP (n = 42) | SAP (n = 31) | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Male sex, n (%) | 16 (53.33) | 26 (61.90) | 18 (58.06) | 0.767 |
| Age (Q1; Q3), years | 53.00 (36.00; 62.75) | 48.00 (34.25; 59.75) | 44.00 (34.50; 50.00) | 0.198 |
| Body mass index (Q1; Q3), kg/m2 | 24.87 (23.55; 27.67) | 25.09 (23.77; 28.15) | 28.40 (24.30; 31.82) | 0.109 |
| Onset time (Q1; Q3), h | 24.00 (12.00; 30.00) | 30.00 (24.00; 48.00) | 24.00 (24.00; 42.00) | 0.096 |
| Pre‐existing comorbidities | ||||
| Cardiac diseases, n (%) | 7 (23.33) | 4 (9.52) | 3 (9.68) | 0.181 |
| Pulmonary disease, n (%) | 2 (6.67) | 3 (7.14) | 3 (9.68) | 0.905 |
| Liver disease, n (%) | 12 (40.00) | 25 (59.52) | 11 (35.48) | 0.087 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 9 (30.00) | 13 (30.95) | 4 (12.90) | 0.166 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 13 (43.33) | 14 (33.33) | 9 (29.03) | 0.484 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 11 (36.67) | 24 (57.14) | 16 (51.61) | 0.222 |
| Renal disease, n (%) | 1 (3.33) | 3 (7.14) | 3 (9.68) | 0.637 |
| Other comorbidities, n (%) | 7 (23.33) | 8 (19.05) | 5 (16.13) | 0.774 |
| Substance abuse | ||||
| Alcohol, n (%) | 11 (36.67) | 15 (35.71) | 11 (35.48) | 0.928 |
| Tobacco, n (%) | 11 (36.67) | 15 (35.71) | 10 (32.26) | 0.928 |
| Etiology | ||||
| Biliary, n (%) | 15 (50.00) | 14 (33.33) | 17 (54.84) | 0.600 |
| Hypertriglyceridemia, n (%) | 8 (26.67) | 18 (42.86) | 9 (29.03) | |
| Alcoholic, n (%) | 5 (16.67) | 8 (19.05) | 4 (12.90) | |
| Other/idiopathic, n (%) | 2 (6.67) | 2 (4.76) | 1 (3.23) | |
| Vital signs | ||||
| Temperature (Q1; Q3), ℃ | 37.30 (37.00; 37.60) | 38.10 (37.55; 38.40) | 38.90 (38.40; 39.05) | <0.001a,b,c |
| Heart rate (Q1; Q3), beats per minute | 94.50 (82.75; 101.50) | 106.50 (92.50; 119.00) | 125.00 (114.50; 135.00) | <0.001a,b,c |
| Respiratory rate (Q1;Q3), breaths per minute | 20.00 (19.25; 21.75) | 24.50 (20.25; 28.00) | 30.00 (22.50; 35.50) | <0.001a,c |
| Mean arterial pressure (Q1; Q3), mmHg | 100.16 (90.33; 105.58) | 102.98 (88.42; 110.53) | 103.00 (94.84; 118.35) | 0.362 |
| Pulse oxygen saturation (Q1; Q3), % | 100.00 (99.00; 100.00) | 100.00 (99.25; 100.00) | 98.00 (93.00; 100.00) | 0.001a,c |
| Operation | ||||
| Therapeutic ERCP, n (%) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (4.76) | 2 (6.45) | 0.558 |
| Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage, n (%) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (4.76) | 5 (16.13) | 0.040a |
| Percutaneous peritoneal drainage, n (%) | 0 (0.00) | 7 (16.67) | 18 (58.06) | <0.001a,b,c |
| Surgery, n (%) | 1 (3.33) | 0 (0.00) | 8 (25.81) | <0.001a,b |
| Outcome | ||||
| ICU admission, n (%) | 2 (6.67) | 30 (71.43) | 31 (100.00) | <0.001a,b,c |
| Hospital mortality, n (%) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 5 (16.13) | 0.004a,b |
| Length of hospital stay, days | 15.00 (11.25; 19.75) | 23.00 (21.00; 29.50) | 45.00 (39.50; 62.50) | <0.001a,b,c |
Abbreviations: ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; ICU, intensive care unit; MAP, mild acute pancreatitis; MSAP, moderately severe acute pancreatitis; SAP, severe acute pancreatitis.
Note: Categorical variables presented as n (%), number and percentage; Continuous variables presented as median (Q1; Q3), Q1, lower quartile; Q3, upper quartile; p‐value is reported for overall comparison between three groups (in Pearson chi‐squared test or Kruskal‐Wallis ANOVA), the letters in superscript indicate the results of post hoc tests: a significant difference between the MAP and SAP groups in post hoc comparison; b significant difference between the MSAP and SAP groups in post hoc comparison; c significant difference between the MAP and MSAP groups in post hoc comparison.