Table 1.
Comparison of Baseline Characteristics Between Direct Mechanical Thrombectomy (MT) and Bridging MT Patients
| Characteristics | Total (n=482) | BMT (n=187) | DMT (n=295) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), year | 73 (69–78) | 72 (68-78) | 73 (69-78) | 0.791 |
| Male (n, %) | 259 (53.73) | 87 (46.52) | 172 (58.31) | 0.012 |
| Medical history (n, %) | ||||
| Hypertension | 309 (64.11) | 115 (61.50) | 194 (65.76) | 0.342 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 97 (20.12) | 36 (19.25) | 61 (20.68) | 0.703 |
| Dyslipidemia | 34 (7.05) | 18 (9.63) | 16 (5.42) | 0.079 |
| Coronary heart disease | 108 (22.41) | 46 (24.60) | 62 (21.02) | 0.358 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 221 (45.85) | 85 (45.45) | 136 (46.10) | 0.890 |
| Prior stroke | 106 (21.99) | 33 (17.65) | 73 (24.75) | 0.067 |
| Current smoking | 348/391 (89.00) | 138/155 (89.03) | 210/236 (88.98) | 0.988 |
| SBP, median (IQR), mmHg | 147 (133–161) | 146 (133–165) | 148 (132–160) | 0.980 |
| NIHSS score, median (IQR) | 17 (13–22) | 17 (13–21) | 18 (13–23) | 0.084 |
| Serum glucose, median (IQR) | 7.0 (5.9–9.2) | 7.1 (6.0–9.1) | 7.0 (5.8–9.3) | 0.864 |
| WBC count, median (IQR) | 7.7 (6.3–9.8) | 7.5 (6.4–9.9) | 7.8 (6.3- 9.7) | 0.932 |
| Platelet count, median (IQR) | 190 (152–232) | 191 (156–232) | 190 (152–232) | 0.525 |
| INR, median (IQR) | 1.02 (0.96–1.10) | 1.01 (0.95–1.10) | 1.03 (0.97–1.10) | 0.224 |
| Serum creatinine, median (IQR) | 71.0 (60.4–83.3) | 72.0 (60.0–84.5) | 71.0 (60.6–83.0) | 0.996 |
| ASPECTS, median (IQR) | 10 (7–10) | 10 (7–10) | 10 (7–10) | 0.213 |
| Occlusion site (n, %) | ||||
| Anterior circulation | 392 (81.33) | 158 (84.49) | 234 (79.32) | 0.156 |
| Posterior circulation | 90 (18.67) | 29 (15.51) | 61 (20.68) | |
| Good collaterals (n, %) | 109/206 (52.91) | 37/75 (49.33) | 72/131 (54.96) | 0.436 |
| TOAST classification (n, %) | ||||
| Large artery atherosclerosis | 198/480 (41.25) | 75/186 (40.32) | 123/294 (41.84) | 0.551 |
| Cardioembolism | 217/480 (45.21) | 89/186 (47.85) | 128/294 (43.54) | |
| Other or unknown etiology | 65/480 (13.54) | 22/186 (11.83) | 43/294 (14.63) | |
| Treatment (n, %) | ||||
| Preoperative antiplatelet agents | 81 (16.80) | 26 (13.90) | 55 (18.64) | 0.175 |
| Preoperative anticoagulants | 17 (3.53) | 1 (0.53) | 16 (5.42) | 0.004* |
| General anesthesia | 184 (38.17) | 74 (39.57) | 110 (37.29) | 0.615 |
| Stent retriever | 426 (88.38) | 162 (86.63) | 264 (89.49) | 0.340 |
| Aspiration catheter | 86 (17.84) | 47 (25.13) | 39 (13.22) | 0.001 |
| Intra-arterial thrombolysis | 44 (9.13) | 14 (7.49) | 30 (10.17) | 0.319 |
| Balloon angioplasty | 79 (16.39) | 35 (18.72) | 44 (14.92) | 0.272 |
| Stenting | 63 (13.07) | 25 (13.37) | 38 (12.88) | 0.877 |
| Intraoperative heparin | 231 (47.93) | 60 (32.09) | 171 (57.97) | <0.001 |
| Infusion of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor | 205 (42.53) | 74 (39.57) | 131 (44.41) | 0.296 |
| OTD time, median (IQR), min | 90 (50–140) | 90 (53–140) | 90 (48–144) | 0.583 |
| Drip and ship (n, %) | 131 (27.18) | 51 (27.27) | 80 (27.12) | 0.970 |
Notes: Good collaterals: American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology/Society of Interventional Radiology≥2; *Represents Fisher’s exact test.
Abbreviations: DMT, direct mechanical thrombectomy; BMT, bridging mechanical thrombectomy; SBP, systolic blood pressure; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; WBC, white blood cell count; INR, international normalized ratio; ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score; OTD, symptom onset to door.