Table 2.
Comparisons of Basic and Clinical Features of Training and Validation Set According to Atherosclerosis
| Training Set (n =1022) | Validation Set (n = 430) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No AS (n = 541) | AS (n = 481) | P-value | No AS (n = 242) | AS (n = 188) | P-value | |
| Age, n (%) | 48.6±13.1 | 62.0±11.7 | <0.001 | 46.6±13.3 | 61.9±12.3 | <0.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 286(52.9%) | 342(71.1%) | <0.001 | 126(52.1%) | 120(63.8%) | 0.014 |
| CKD stage, n (%) | ||||||
| Stage 1–2 | 84(15.5%) | 46(9.6%) | 0.029 | 28(11.6%) | 13(6.9%) | 0.237 |
| Stage 3 | 90(16.6%) | 93(19.3%) | 40(16.5%) | 38(20.2%) | ||
| Stage 4 | 94(17.4%) | 80(16.6%) | 36(14.9%) | 35(18.6%) | ||
| Stage 5 | 273(50.5%) | 262(54.5%) | 138(57.0%) | 102(54.3%) | ||
| Cardiovascular disease, n(%) | 143(26.4%) | 210(43.7%) | <0.001 | 62(25.6%) | 84(44.7%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 85(15.7%) | 172(35.8%) | <0.001 | 36(14.9%) | 87(46.3%) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 381(70.4%) | 388(80.7%) | <0.001 | 172(71.1%) | 161(85.6%) | <0.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 142(26.2%) | 185(38.5%) | <0.001 | 59(24.4%) | 61(32.4%) | 0.064 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 119(22.0%) | 139(28.9%) | 0.011 | 54(22.3%) | 54(28.7%) | 0.128 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.3±3.7 | 23.9±3.6 | 0.013 | 23.3±3.7 | 23.7±3.7 | 0.291 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 140.8±24.0 | 143.3±25.8 | 0.098 | 140.6±24.9 | 144.0±24.2 | 0.163 |
| Uric acid, μmol/L | 426.6±130.3 | 426.3±131.8 | 0.975 | 434.2±135.1 | 419.2±124.7 | 0.241 |
| Serum hemoglobin, g/L | 102.4±26.8 | 100.2±25.8 | 0.202 | 99.9±25.6 | 101.3±27.0 | 0.607 |
| Albumin, g/L | 38.7(33.2–42.8) | 36.0(30.8–40.3) | <0.001 | 38.5(33.1–41.9) | 37.8(34.1–41.6) | 0.718 |
| Phosphorus, mmol/L | 1.44±0.48 | 1.40±0.50 | 0.144 | 1.48±0.51 | 1.43±0.51 | 0.272 |
| Calcium, mmol/L | 2.20(2.05–2.30) | 2.14(2.02–2.28) | 0.018 | 2.20(2.06–2.32) | 2.18(2.07–2.29) | 0.486 |
| Intact parathyroid hormone, pg/mL | 161.5(62.2–363.4) | 187.8(73.6–361.5) | 0.336 | 163.2(82.6–360.8) | 166.0(79.5–341.2) | 0.986 |
| Platelet counts, 109/L | 182.5(129.3–234.0) | 173.0(128.0–227.0) | 0.185 | 184.0(137.5–241.5) | 168.0(122.0–218.0) | 0.014 |
| Blood glucose, mmol/L | 4.59(4.20–5.15) | 4.75(4.18–5.96) | 0.005 | 4.56(4.19–5.23) | 5.08(4.41–6.38) | <0.001 |
| Urine total protein, g/24h | 1.86(0.63–3.52) | 2.12(0.70–4.62) | 0.034 | 1.73(0.61–4.23) | 1.90(0.78–3.83) | 0.632 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 4.10(2.20–8.40) | 5.00(2.50–15.00) | <0.001 | 4.50(2.30–12.30) | 5.10(2.60–17.25) | 0.108 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.38(3.56–5.23) | 4.32(3.63–5.32) | 0.919 | 4.21(3.52–5.15) | 4.19(3.54–5.17) | 0.978 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L | 1.53(1.08–2.23) | 1.48(1.09–2.11) | 0.494 | 1.47(1.06–2.12) | 1.56(1.11–2.08) | 0.651 |
| High density lipoprotein, mmol/L | 1.04(0.87–1.29) | 1.05(0.84–1.25) | 0.356 | 1.03(0.84–1.31) | 1.04(0.88–1.29) | 0.905 |
| Low density lipoprotein, mmol/L | 2.29(1.82–2.98) | 2.38(1.81–3.01) | 0.453 | 2.34(1.86–2.95) | 2.31(1.71–3.13) | 0.786 |
Notes: Uric acid: mg/dL=μmol/L×0.01681, Serum hemoglobin, g/dL=g/L×0.1, Albumin: g/dL=g/L×0.1, Phosphorus: mg/dL=mmol/L×3.097, Calcium: mg/dL=mmol/L×4.008, Intact parathyroid hormone: mg/dL=pg/mL, Platelet counts: mm3=109/L×1000, Blood glucose: mg/dL =mmol/L×18.02, C-reactive protein: mg/dL=mg/L×0.1, Total cholesterol: mg/dL=mmol/L×38.67, Triglyceride: mg/dL=mmol/L×88.545, High density lipoprotein: mg/dL=mmol/L×38.61, Low density lipoprotein: mmol/L mg/dL=mmol/L×38.61.
Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; AS, atherosclerosis.