Table 3.
Baseline clinical and biological characteristics of the overall population (n = 169) in alive and death subgroups of patients at 6 months.
| Overall population (n = 169) | Alive (n = 124) | Death (n = 45) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 65.6 ± 15.8 [30–95] | 62.5 ± 15.2 [30–95] | 73.9 ± 14.6 [41–93] | < 0.001 |
| Male | 118 (69.8%) | 86 (69.3%) | 32 (71.1%) | 0.826 |
| BMI (kg/m²) | 26.8 ± 5.4 [18.7–52.0] | 26.7 ± 4.8 [19.1–43.3] | 27.0 ± 6.5 [18.7–52.0] | 0.682 |
| ICU hospitalization | 53 (31.4%) | 29 (23.4%) | 24 (53.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Risk factors | ||||
| Hypertension | 78 (46.2%) | 53 (42.7%) | 25 (55.6%) | 0.139 |
| Diabetes | 33 (19.5%) | 26 (21.0%) | 7 (15.6%) | 0.432 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 44 (26.0%) | 32 (25.8%) | 12 (26.7%) | 0.910 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Prior MI | 14 (8.3%) | 8 (6.4%) | 6 (13.3%) | 0.169 |
| Prior PCI | 12 (7.1%) | 8 (6.5%) | 4 (8.9%) | 0.593 |
| Prior CABG | 3 (1.8%) | 1 (0.8%) | 2 (4.4%) | 0.143 |
| History of heart failure | 5 (3.0%) | 3 (2.4%) | 2 (4.4%) | 0.509 |
| History of stroke | 2 (1.2%) | 2 (1.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.264 |
| History of AF | 17 (10.1%) | 10 (8.1%) | 7 (15.6%) | 0.169 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 7 (4.1%) | 6 (4.8%) | 1 (2.2%) | 0.422 |
| Chronic renal failure | 21 (12.4%) | 12 (9.7%) | 9 (20.0%) | 0.072 |
| COPD | 12 (7.1%) | 6 (4.8%) | 6 (13.4%) | 0.057 |
| Cancer | 37 (21.9%) | 19 (15.4%) | 18 (40.0%) | 0.001 |
| Prior medications | ||||
| Aspirin | 32 (18.9%) | 24 (19.4%) | 8 (17.8%) | 0.817 |
| Oral anticoagulant | 23 (13.6%) | 12 (9.7%) | 11 (24.4%) | 0.013 |
| Statins | 34 (20.1%) | 26 (21.0%) | 8 (17.8%) | 0.647 |
| Betablockers | 34 (20.1%) | 21 (16.9%) | 13 (28.9%) | 0.086 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 30 (17.8%) | 20 (16.1%) | 10 (22.2%) | 0.359 |
| ARB | 36 (21.3%) | 23 (18.5%) | 13 (28.9%) | 0.146 |
| ACE inhibitors | 13 (7.7%) | 9 (7.3%) | 4 (8.9%) | 0.728 |
| Spironolactone | 9 (5.3%) | 6 (4.9%) | 3 (6.7%) | 0.647 |
| Diuretics | 32 (18.9%) | 23 (18.5%) | 9 (20.0%) | 0.831 |
| Clinical presentation | ||||
| Temperature (°C) | 37.9 ± 1.0 [35.7–40.3] | 37.9 ± 0.9 [35.9–40.3] | 37.8 ± 1.0 [35.7–39.9] | 0.763 |
| Fever | 77 (45.6%) | 55 (44.3%) | 22 (48.9%) | 0.600 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 91.8 ± 18.9 [50–150] | 93.0 ± 18.1 [50–150] | 88.7 ± 20.9 [55–143] | 0.079 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 133.0 ± 22.3 [73–208] | 132.9 ± 19.9 [73–193] | 133.3 ± 28.0 [79–208] | 0.929 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77.5 ± 15.4 [36–142] | 79.0 ± 15.7 [36–142] | 73.4 ± 13.9 [49–101] | 0.031 |
| Respiratory rate | 22.0 ± 6.8 [14 –50] | 21.0 ± 5.9 [14–45] | 24.9 ± 8.0 [14–50] | 0.001 |
| Sat02 (%) | 92.0 ± 7.4 [28–100] | 93.4 ± 4.2 [77–100] | 88.2 ± 11.9 [28–100] | 0.001 |
| Dyspnea | 119 (70.4%) | 82 (66.1%) | 37 (82.2%) | 0.042 |
| CT lobes with consolidation ≥3 | 81 (47.9%) | 54 (43.5%) | 27 (60.0%) | 0.058 |
| Cough | 89 (52.7%) | 68 (54.8%) | 21 (46.7%) | 0.347 |
| Chest pain | 15 (8.9%) | 13 (10.5%) | 2 (4.4%) | 0.222 |
| Diarrhea | 37 (21.9%) | 28 (22.6%) | 9 (20.0%) | 0.719 |
| Biological data | ||||
| Neutrophil count (x106/L) | 4635.0 (3125.0; 6497.5) n = 168 | 4290.0 (2980.0; 6330.0) n = 121 | 5360.0 (3815.0; 7980.0) n = 46 | 0.022 |
| Lymphocytes (× 106/L) | 975.0 (642.5; 1307.5) | 1000.0 (750.0; 1310.0) | 770.0 (480.0; 1385.0) | 0.010 |
| Platelets (× 109/L) | 182.0 (141.3; 240.8) n = 168 | 195.0 (143.0; 250.0) n = 127 | 45.0 (139.5; 219.5) n = 41 | 0.351 |
| Creatinine (µg/L) | 81.0 (66.0; 110.0) | 79.0 (64.2; 97.7) | 104.0 (72.0; 137.0) | 0.032 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.7 (12.4; 14.8) | 13.9 (12.8; 14.9) | 13.0 (11.3; 14.0) | 0.001 |
| High-sensitivity troponin I (ng/L) | 12.5 (6.4; 27.4) | 9.45 (5.2; 19.6) | 27.95 (13.9; 71.0) | < 0.001 |
| Brain natriuretic peptide (ng/L) | 47.0 (18.0; 159.0) n = 155 | 31.0 (15.0; 87.0) n = 117 | 113.5 (48.2; 264.2) n = 38 | < 0.001 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 97.5 (52.0; 139.3) | 86.0 (39.0; 128.3) | 119.0 (72.0; 188.1) | 0.002 |
| D-dimer (µg/mL) | 1118 (680.5; 1806) n = 154 | 1006 (630; 1658) n = 116 | 1454 (834; 2538) n = 38 | 0.004 |
Quantitative variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviations with range in brackets or as medians with interquartile ranges in parentheses. Qualitative variables are expressed as raw numbers with percentages in parentheses. ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; BMI, body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; IQR, interquartile range; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
Bold indicates significant P value.