Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable linear regression analysis of HR-QoL comparing transthoracic and transhiatal esophagectomy
| Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis† | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transthoracic esophagectomy Mean (SD) |
Transhiatal esophagectomy Mean (SD) |
B | 95%CI | p value | B | 95%CI | p value | Corrected p value‡ | |||
| n = 132 | n = 56 | Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | ||||||
| EORTC QLQ-C30 | |||||||||||
| Global Health | 72.7 (19.1) | 76.71 (23.8) | 4.0 | −3.259 | 11.230 | 0.277 | |||||
| Functioning | |||||||||||
| Physical functioning | 81.7 (19.6) | 77.9 (21.2) | −3.9 | −10.255 | 2.377 | 0.220 | |||||
| Role functioning | 74.3 (27.1) | 74.4 (31.8) | 0.1 | −9.009 | 9.164 | 0.987 | |||||
| Emotional functioning | 78.0 (23.6) | 85.9 (20.8) | 8.0 | 0.702 | 15.226 | 0.032* | −3.0 | −13.683 | 7.761 | 0.586 | 2.344 |
| Cognitive functioning | 82.9 (23.1) | 86.4 (13.8) | 3.5 | −1.896 | 8.952 | 0.201 | |||||
| Social functioning | 78.8 (25.8) | 69.0 (35.5) | −10.0 | −20.333 | 0.570 | 0.064* | 15.0 | 2.724 | 27.230 | 0.017 | 0.068 |
| Symptom scores | |||||||||||
| Fatigue | 32.6 (27.0) | 30.2 (29.1) | −2.4 | −11.138 | 6.262 | 0.581 | |||||
| Nausea and vomiting | 14.6 (22.8) | 12.7 (19.6) | −2.0 | −8.871 | 4.906 | 0.571 | |||||
| Pain | 18.1 (24.7) | 14.3 (23.9) | −3.8 | −11.475 | 3.914 | 0.334 | |||||
| Dyspnea | 29.8 (28.9) | 25 (30.7) | −4.8 | −14.058 | 4.462 | 0.308 | |||||
| Insomnia | 26.3 (31.3) | 20.8 (26.6) | −5.5 | −14.937 | 3.952 | 0.253 | |||||
| Appetite loss | 19.9 (30.6) | 13.9 (27.7) | −6.0 | −15.423 | 3.480 | 0.214 | |||||
| Constipation | 7.7 (15.8) | 14.8 (25.6) | 7.1 | −0.363 | 14.608 | 0.062* | −3.1 | −11.794 | 5.502 | 0.473 | 1.892 |
| Diarrhea | 15.4 (21.2) | 18.5 (26.4) | 3.1 | −4.154 | 10.383 | 0.399 | |||||
| Financial difficulties | 29.8 (29.7) | 30.3 (40.7) | 0.5 | −11.595 | 12.585 | 0.935 | |||||
| EORTC QLQ-OG25 | |||||||||||
| Functioning | |||||||||||
| Body image | 77.3 (33.2) | 69.3 (37.7) | −8.0 | −18.990 | 2.924 | 0.150 | |||||
| Symptom scores | |||||||||||
| Dysphagia | 10.9 (16.5) | 15.3 (18.4) | 4.4 | −1.010 | 9.774 | 0.111 | |||||
| Eating | 26.3 (24.7) | 25.1 (28.6) | −1.2 | −9.389 | 6.982 | 0.772 | |||||
| Reflux | 22.1 (27.9) | 23.4 (28.1) | 1.3 | −7.604 | 10.104 | 0.781 | |||||
| Odynophagia | 10.0 (20.4) | 10.4 (16.7) | 0.4 | −5.728 | 6.534 | 0.897 | |||||
| Pain and discomfort | 15.9 (26.6) | 17.3 (22.2) | 1.4 | −6.650 | 9.415 | 0.735 | |||||
| Anxiety | 31.4 (29.1) | 26.3 (31.6) | −5.1 | −14.525 | 4.345 | 0.289 | |||||
| Eating with others | 14.2 (25.0) | 16.4 (27.9) | 2.2 | −6.063 | 10.444 | 0.601 | |||||
| Dry mouth | 18.7 (26.6) | 18.5 (25.4) | −0.2 | −8.530 | 8.101 | 0.960 | |||||
| Trouble with taste | 13.0 (23.1) | 8.9 (19.6) | −4.0 | −11.029 | 2.961 | 0.257 | |||||
| Trouble swallowing saliva | 10.5 (22.2) | 10.7 (20.2) | 0.2 | −6.567 | 7.065 | 0.943 | |||||
| Choked when swallowing | 15.8 (24.4) | 20.8 (28.1) | 5.1 | −3.018 | 13.189 | 0.217 | |||||
| Trouble with coughing | 31.8 (31.7) | 26.2 (32.2) | −5.6 | −15.646 | 4.510 | 0.277 | |||||
| Trouble talking | 8.5 (18.5) | 7.1 (16.5) | −1.3 | −6.980 | 4.336 | 0.645 | |||||
| Weight loss | 23.7 (31.1) | 16.3 (29.4) | −7.4 | −17.705 | 2.954 | 0.161 | |||||
| Hair loss | 15.9 (28.9) | 31.3 (34.9) | 15.4 | −0.636 | 31.431 | 0.060* | −29.4 | −49.108 | −9.671 | 0.004 | 0.016 |
Regression coefficient (B) with 95% confidence interval (CI) are shown for univariable and multivariable analysis. † = Corrected for confounders (Supplementary Table 1). * = Health related quality of life (HR-QoL) domains with p < 0.1 in univariable analysis were entered in multivariable analysis
Bold p values (p < 0.05) represent significance
‡ = p value corrected for multiple testing according to Bonferroni method