Table 2.

Geometric mean antioxidant levels and interquartile range (IQR) for cardiovascular disease outcomes and all-cause mortality for 6961 men from Northern Ireland and France who were free of cardiovascular disease at entry

Antioxidant	CVD outcome				All-Cause Mortality
μmol/L	All (n = 6961)	No (n = 6747)	Yes (n = 214)	p value	No (n = 6545)	Yes (n = 358)	p value
Vitamin C	33.8 (24.8–59.2)	33.9 (25.0–59.2)	29.8 (19.4–57.8)	0.045	34.4 (25.5–59.4)	24.1 (15.1–55.0)	< 0.001
Lycopene	0.67 (0.42–1.34)	0.67 (0.42–1.35)	0.52 (0.31–1.09)	0.001	0.68 (0.43–1.35)	0.48 (0.27–1.08)	< 0.001
β-Carotene	0.29 (0.17–0.51)	0.29 (0.17–0.51)	0.22 (0.11–0.39)	< 0.001	0.29 (0.18–0.52)	0.20 (0.11–0.40)	< 0.001
α-Carotene	0.11 (0.07–0.19)	0.11 (0.07–0.19)	0.08 (0.05–0.15)	< 0.001	0.11 (0.07–0.20)	0.08 (0.05–0.15)	< 0.001
β-Cryptoxanthin	0.70 (0.04–0.10)	0.07 (0.04–0.10)	0.06 (0.04–0.09)	0.008	0.07 (0.04–0.11)	0.05 (0.03–0.08)	< 0.001
Zeaxanthin	0.04 (0.03–0.06)	0.04 (0.03–0.06)	0.04 (0.03–0.06)	0.125	0.04 (0.03–0.06)	0.04 (0.02–0.05)	< 0.001
Lutein	0.21 (0.16–0.31)	0.22 (0.16–0.31)	0.19 (0.14–0.30)	0.006	0.22 (0.16–0.31)	0.17 (0.12–0.27)	< 0.001
α-Tocophorol	26.0 (22.2–30.4)	25.9 (22.1–30.4)	26.8 (22.5–31.5)	0.059	26.0 (22.3–30.5)	24.6 (20.5–29.8)	< 0.001
γ-Tocophorol	2.35 (1.88–2.95)	2.35 (1.88–2.95)	2.40 (1.93–2.96)	0.375	2.35 (1.88–2.95)	2.31 (1.84–2.86)	0.422
Retinol	2.24 (1.92–2.64)	2.24 (1.92–2.64)	2.22 (1.87–2.59)	0.525	2.24 (1.93–2.64)	2.15 (1.83–2.57)	0.006