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. 2021 Jul 12;11:14319. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93590-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Changes in pre-onset stage of the disease. (A) Canonical Pathways from IPA. Bars correspond to the top 16 Canonical Pathways that surpassed the Ingenuity statistical threshold using the Benjamini–Hochberg multiple testing correction of Fisher’s Exact Test in both brain and spinal cord of pre-onset animals. (B) Upstream analysis in IPA identified TNF as a master regulator of 169 differentially expressed genes in the experiment and it exerts its effects through 12 intermediary genes. These relationships are depicted in the schematic. The graph and the network were generated through the use of IPA (QIAGEN Inc., https://www.qiagenbioinformatics.com/products/ingenuity-pathway-analysis).