Table 2.
Comparison of predictive characteristics between positive and negative surgical margins for 419 patients having undergone robotic prostatectomy.
| Variable predictors | Negative margin | Positive margin | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 293 | N = 126 | ||
| Preoperative | |||
| Age | 0.840 | ||
| Median (range) | 66 (43–85) | 66 (48–84) | |
| BMI | 0.158 | ||
| Median (range) | 25.0 (15.2–35.5) | 25.5 (17.8–33.8) | |
| PSA | < 0.001* | ||
| Median (range) | 8.2 (1.0–52.5) | 10.6 (4.3–89.9) | |
| MRI clinical-stage, n (%) | 0.018* | ||
| ≤ T2 | 165 (66.3) | 67 (65.0) | |
| > T2 | 84 (33.7) | 36 (35.0) | |
| ISUP grade at biopsy, n (%) | 0.025* | ||
| 1 | 137 (74.9) | 46 (25.1) | |
| 2 | 52 (70.3) | 22 (29.7) | |
| 3 | 48 (70.6) | 20 (29.4) | |
| 4 | 37 (67.3) | 18 (32.7) | |
| 5 | 17 (47.2) | 19 (52.8) | |
| Intraoperative | |||
| Console time (mins) | 0.625 | ||
| Median (range) | 230 (154–480) | 233 (160–480) | |
| Estimated blood loss (ml) | 0.015* | ||
| Median (range) | 27 (3–800) | 30 (3–1350) | |
| Surgical cases, n(%) | 0.881 | ||
| 001–100 | 71 (24.2) | 29 (23.0) | |
| 101–200 | 72 (24.6) | 28 (22.2) | |
| 201–300 | 67 (22.9) | 33 (26.2) | |
| 301–420 | 83 (28.3) | 36 (28.6) | |
| Median lobe, n (%) | 0.837 | ||
| Yes | 37 (12.6) | 15 (11.9) | |
| No | 256 (87.4) | 111 (88.1) | |
| History of TURP, n (%) | 0.936 | ||
| Yes | 18 (6.1) | 14 (11.1) | |
| No | 275 (93.9) | 112 (88.9) | |
| History of abdominal surgery, n (%) | 0.408 | ||
| Yes | 20 (9.7) | 12 (12.9) | |
| No | 186 (90.3) | 81 (87.1) | |
| Nerve-sparing, n(%) | 0.047* | ||
| Yes | 282 (96.6) | 116 (92.1) | |
| No | 10 (3.4) | 10 (7.9) | |
| Postoperative | |||
| Clavien complication, n (%) | 0.248 | ||
| Grade 0 | 241 (82.3) | 110 (87.3) | |
| Grade ≥ 1 | 52(17.7) | 16 (12.7) | |
| ISUP grade at RP, n (%) | < 0.001* | ||
| 1 | 54 (18.4) | 9 (7.1) | |
| 2 | 104 (35.5) | 37 (29.4) | |
| 3 | 89 (30.4) | 45 (35.7) | |
| 4 | 18 (6.1) | 4 (3.2) | |
| 5 | 28 (9.6) | 31 (24.6) | |
| Pathological T stage, n (%) | < 0.001* | ||
| T2 | 159 (54.4) | 22 (17.6) | |
| T3a | 107 (36.6) | 80 (27.5) | |
| T3b | 26 (9.0) | 23 (18.4) | |
| Prostate weight | |||
| Median (range) | 30.9 (6.0–124.4) | 29.3 (8.4–170.4) | 0.141 |
BMI body mass index, PSA prostate-specific antigen, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, ISUP International Society of Urological Pathology, RP radical prostatectomy, TURP transurethral resection of the prostate, *p value for difference between margins status < 0.05; statistical analysis, continuous data: t-test, categorical data: chi-square test.