Fig. 4.

NMDA-induced cytotoxicity is prevented by GSK2193874. Effect of GSK2193874 against NMDA-induced cytotoxicity assessed by MTT (A, n = 8) and LDH release (B, n = 10) assays. Neurons were pretreated with GSK2193874 (50, 100, 200, and 500 nmol/L) for 24 h, and then exposed to NMDA (100 μmol/L) for 24 h [means ± SD; ^#P <0.05 vs control group, *P <0.05, ***P <0.001 vs GSK2193874 (0 nmol/L) group]. C PI⁺/Hoechst⁺ cells are dead cells, and the number of Hoechst⁺ cells indicates the total number of cells (green, PI; blue, Hoechst; original magnification ×200; scale bars, 50 μm; mean ± SD, n = 25; *P <0.05 vs control group, ^###P <0.001 vs NMDA group. D Intracellular Ca²⁺ concentrations measured with Fluo-4 Direct Calcium Assay kits (green, Fluo-4; blue, Hoechst; original magnification ×200; scale bars, 50 μm; mean ± SD, n = 8; *P <0.05 vs control group, ^#P <0.05 vs NMDA group, one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s multiple comparison test).