FIGURE 9.

Triple-drug therapy was the most effective for NSCLC in vivo. A549 xenograft mice were treated with the vehicle control, BA (20 mg/kg), trametinib (1 mg/kg), BA + trametinib, HCQ (60 mg/kg), BA + HCQ, trametinib + HCQ, and BA + trametinib + HCQ. Mouse body weights (A) and tumor sizes (B) were measured as indicated. (C) After treatment for 15 days, mice were humanely euthanized, and images of mice from each group (n = 7) were shown. (D) Tumor photographs dissected out from the mice. (E) Average tumor weight of each group (n = 7). (F) The levels of AKT, p-AKT, LC3, cleaved PARP, ERK, and p-ERK1/2 in mice tumor were detected by Western blots. (G) Schematic illustration showing the basis for the combinatorial application. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.