FIGURE 11.

Denervated gracilis muscle and BPC 157 therapy (upper) (Mihovil et al., 2009). Transected muscle induced injured leg function failure as induced leg contracture and BPC 157 therapy (lower) (Staresinic et al., 2006). Presentation of the denervated gracilis muscle (B, C) and normal healthy gracilis muscle (H) in rats at 1 year after denervation. Characteristic denervated muscle presentation in controls (C). Counteraction by BPC 157 (10 μg/kg) therapy given per-orally, in drinking water (0.16 μg/ml, 12 ml/rat/day) till the sacrifice (B). Quadriceps muscle was completely transected transversely 1.0 cm proximal to patella to present a definitive defect that cannot be compensated in rats with a considerable injured leg contracture as presented at postsurgery day 21 in controls with maximal leg extension (c). Counteraction by various regimens of the BPC 157 (10 μg, 10 ng) therapy. Given intraperitoneally, once daily; the first application 30 min posttransection, the final 24 h before sacrifice (b1); per-orally, in drinking water (0.16 μg/ml, 0.16 ng/ml, and 12 ml/rat/day) till the sacrifice (b2); locally, thin layer of neutral cream 1 µg/1 g neutral cream once daily; the first application 30 min post-transection, the final 24 h before sacrifice (b3).