Table 2.

Recently developed antimicrobial textile fabric for enhancing their antimicrobial efficiency

S. No.	Fabric type	Antimicrobial agent	Impregnation of antimicrobial property	Microorganisms tested	Reference
I Plant-derived fabric
1	Cotton	Lanthanide-doped strontium aluminum oxide	Spray coating	E. coli, S. aureus and Candida albicans	[53]
2	Linen	Chitosan–silver nanoparticles	Dip coating with heating	E. coli and S. aureus	[54]
3	Lyocell	Protoporphyrin IX	Copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction	S. aureus and B. subtilis	[55]
4	Bamboo fabric	Extract of Azadirachta indica, Centella asiatica and Curcuma longa	Exhaustion method	E. coli, S. aureus and B. subtilis	[56]
II Animal-derived fabric
5	Silk	Antimicrobial peptide (6mer-HNP1)	Dip coating	MRSA and E. coli	[57]
6	Silk	Silane quaternary ammonium salt and silica nanoparticles	Spray coating	Total adhering microbes	[58]
7	Wool	Lycium ruthenicum Murray extract	Dying (dip coating)	E. coli and S. aureus	[59]
8	Wool	Chitosan–silver nanoparticles	Dip coating at 50 °C for 3 h	E. coli and S. aureus	[60]
III Synthetic fabric
9	Polyethylene terephthalate	ZnO nanostructures	Melt-spinning process	S. aureus and K. pneumoniae	[61]
10	Polyester	Corn silk/zinc oxide nanocomposites	Dip coating	E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans	[62]
11	Nylon	3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and titanium dioxide	Dip coating (Stirred)	E. coli and S. aureus	[63]
12	Poly(acrylic acid)	Silver nanoparticles	Soaking for 90 min	Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus and C. albicans	[64]
IV Blended fabric
13	Cotton/elastane	Quat-silane	Pad-dry-cure method was used to apply quat-silane	S. aureus	[65]
14	Polyester, nonwoven cellulose/polyester and woven cotton	Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma-treated and alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride impregnated	Washing at long bath equipment with heating	S. aureus and E. coli	[66]
15	Wool/acrylic blended fabric	Rose Bengal (RB) as a photosensitizer	Simultaneously or sequentially dyed	photodynamic inactivation of P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus and B. subtilis	[67]
16	Jute–cotton blended denim	Chitosan	Pad-dry-cure method	S. aureus and E. coli	[68]