Table 2.
Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Models for Predictor Selection and Model Building.
| Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | Selected Factors for Building the Model | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age | ||||||
| >60 versus ≤60 years | 1.32 (1.06-1.64) | 0.01 | 1.31 (0.92-1.86) | 0.13 | NA | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female versus Male | 0.95 (0.77-1.17) | 0.63 | NA | NA | ||
| CA19-9 | ||||||
| >40 versus ≤40 U/ml | 2.19 (1.74-2.76) | <0.001 | 1. 59 (1.08-2.34) | 0.01 | 1.67 (1.25-2.24) | <0.001 |
| Total bilirubin | ||||||
| >35 versus ≤35 µmol/L | 2.00 (1.55-2.58) | <0.001 | 1.32 (0.83-2.10) | 0.22 | NA | |
| Surgical approach | ||||||
| ERC versus RC | 1.76 (1.20-2.61) | 0.003 | 1.69 (0.92-3.10) | 0.08 | ||
| LC+RC versus RC | 0.97 (0.74-1.28) | 0.87 | 1.16 (0.70-1.91) | 0.56 | ||
| Margin status | ||||||
| R1 versus R0 | 2.63 (1.94-3.57) | <0.001 | 2.10 (1.19-3.68) | 0.009 | 1.55 (1.01-2.39) | 0.04 |
| Pathological type | ||||||
| ADSC versus ADC | 1.23 (0.77-1.96) | 0.37 | 1.05 (0.51-2.14) | 0.88 | NA | |
| PADC versus ADC | 0.24 (0.10-0.59) | 0.001 | 0.45 (0.05-3.57) | 0.45 | ||
| NEC versus ADC | 1.60 (0.75-3.39) | 0.21 | 4.61 (0.84-25.21) | 0.07 | ||
| Else versus ADC | 1.14(0.78-1.67) | 0.48 | 1.20 (0.54-2.66) | 0.64 | ||
| Tumor differentiation | ||||||
| Low to medium versus Low | 0.84 (0.62-1.15) | 0.28 | 0.59 (0.35-1.01) | 0.054 | 0.63 (0.42-0.96) | 0.03 |
| Medium versus Low | 0.61 (0.47-0.80) | <0.001 | 0.53 (0.33-0.82) | 0.005 | 0.53 (0.37-0.75) | <0.001 |
| Medium to high versus Low | 0.41 (0.24-0.70) | 0.001 | 0.43 (0.18-1.04) | 0.06 | 0.42 (0.21-0.84) | 0.01 |
| High versus Low | 0.25 (0.15-0.42) | <0.001 | 0.38 (0.17-0.85) | 0.01 | 0.40 (0.19-0.83) | 0.01 |
| T stage | ||||||
| T2 versus T1 | 2.08 (1.25-3.47) | 0.004 | 1.71 (0.70-4.12) | 0.23 | 1.39 (0.66-2.92) | 0.38 |
| T3 versus T1 | 3.10 (2.05-4.67) | <0.001 | 2.71 (1.18-6.24) | 0. 01 | 2.58 (1.31-5.10) | 0.006 |
| N stage | ||||||
| N1 versus N0 | 1.80 (1.38-2.35) | <0.001 | 1.14 (0.72-1.80) | 0.56 | 1.11 (0.77-1.59) | 0.56 |
| N2 versus N0 | 3.34 (2.26-4.94) | <0.001 | 2.84 (1.50-5.39) | 0.001 | 2.43 (1.42-4.17) | 0.001 |
| Nx† versus N0 | 1.53 (1.18-1.98) | 0.001 | 1.42 (0.88-2.28) | 0.14 | 1.40 (0.97-2.01) | 0.06 |
| Microvascular invasion | ||||||
| Yes versus No | 2.12 (1.55-2.90) | <0.001 | 1.73 (0.97-3.08) | 0.06 | ||
| Perineural invasion | ||||||
| Yes vs No | 1.76 (1.35-2.28) | <0.001 | 1.13 (0.69-1.85) | 0.61 | ||
| Platelets | ||||||
| >300 versus ≤300×109/L | 1.19 (0.89-1.60) | 0.31 | NA | |||
| LMR | ||||||
| >10 versus ≤10 | 1.39 (1.13-1.71) | 0.001 | NA | |||
| NLR | ||||||
| >2.3 versus ≤2.3 | 1.97 (1.59-2.44) | <0.001 | NA | |||
| PLR | ||||||
| >144 versus ≤144 | 1.58 (1.28-1.94) | <0.001 | NA | |||
| SII | ||||||
| >510 versus ≤510 | 1.99 (1.61-2.45) | <0.001 | NA | 1.90(1.42-2.54) | <0.001 | |
†Nx means that the N stage could not be judged from the pathological record or the surgeon did not obtain a sufficient number of lymph nodes.
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; LC, laparoscopic cholecystectomy; RC, radical cholecystectomy; ERC, extended radical cholecystectomy; NA, not applicable.