TABLE 2.
The effects of different ILPs on the level of energy substrates in insect tissues.
| ILP | Insect species | Method | Glucose level | Trehalose level | Glycogen level | Lipid level | References |
| Bommo-ILPs | Bombyx mori larva | injection into neck-ligated | no effect in haemolymph | decrease in haemolymph | decrease in fat body and midgut | – | Satake et al., 1997 |
| Bommo-ILP2 | Bombyx mori larva | injection into neck-ligated | decrease in haemolymph | decrease in haemolymph | decrease in haemolymph | no effect in fat body and haemolymph | Kawabe et al., 2019 |
| Different ILPs | Drosophila melanogaster larva | ablation of IPCs | increase in haemolymph | increase in haemolymph | – | – | Rulifson et al., 2002 |
| Different ILPs | Drosophila melanogaster adult | ablation of IPCs | increase in haemolymph | decrease in haemolymph, increase in whole-body extract | increase in whole-body extract | increase in whole-body extract | Broughton et al., 2005 |
| Drome-ILP2 | Drosophila melanogaster larva and adult | knockdown | no effect in haemolymph | no effect in haemolymph, increase in whole-body extract | no effect | no effect | |
| Drome-ILP1-5 | Drosophila melanogaster larva and adult | knockdown | increase in haemolymph | increase in haemolymph | – | decrease in whole body | Zhang et al., 2009 |
| Drome-ILP2 | Drosophila melanogaster adult | knockout | – | increase in whole body | no effect | no effect | Grönke and Partridge, 2010 |
| Drome-ILP6 | Drosophila melanogaster adult | knockout | – | – | no effect | increase | |
| Aedae-ILP3 | Aedes aegypti adult | injection into neck-ligated | decrease in haemolymph after 6 h | decrease in haemolymph after 6 h | no effect after 6 h, increase after 24 h | no effect after 6 h, increase after 24 h | Brown et al., 2008 |
| Apime-ILP1-2 | Apis mellifera larva | knockdown | no effect in haemolymph | no effect in haemolymph | – | – | Wang et al., 2012, 2013 |
| Spoex-ILP1 | Spodoptera exigua larva | knockdown | – | increase in haemolymph | – | – | Kim and Neufeld, 2015 |
| Rhopr-ILP | Rhodnius prolixus adult | knockdown | increase in haemolymph, decrease in fat body and leg muscles | increase in haemolymph, decrease in fat body and leg muscles | increase in haemolymph, decrease in fat body and leg muscles | increase in fat body and haemolymph | Defferrari et al., 2016 |