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. 2021 Jun 29;11:670424. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.670424

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Copyright © 2021 Gaibani, D’Amico, Bartoletti, Lombardo, Rampelli, Fornaro, Coladonato, Siniscalchi, Re, Viale, Brigidi, Turroni and Giannella

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The gut microbiota of COVID-19 patients segregates from that of healthy subjects. (A) Alpha diversity estimated according to the inverse Simpson index. A significant reduction was observed in COVID-19 patients (p value = 0.0008, Wilcoxon test). (B) Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity between the genus-level profiles. A significant separation between groups was found (p value = 0.001, permutation test with pseudo-F ratio). Ellipses include 95% confidence area based on the standard error of the weighted average of sample coordinates.