Table 1.
Study design and characteristics within included studies for IAS.
| Investigators | No. of patients | Study interval | Design | Diagnosis | Control group | Experimental group | Ref. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inaba (2011) | 13 | 2004–2005 | Prospective | Unresectable iCCA | / | HAIC (GEM) | (43) | |
| Ghiringhell (2013) | 12 | 2008–2013 | Retrospective | Unresectable iCCA | / | HAIC (GEM plus oxaliplatin) | (44) | |
| Kasai (2014) | 20 | 2008–2013 | Prospective | Unresectable iCCA | / | HAIC (5-FU plus subcutaneous PEG-IFN α-2b) | (45) | |
| Konstantinidis (2015) | 104 | 2000–2012 | Retrospective | Unresectable iCCA | Systemic chemotherapy alone | HAIC plus systemic chemotherapy | (46) | |
| Cercek (2019) | 38 | 2013–2019 | Prospective | Unresectable iCCA | / | HAIC (floxuridine) plus systemic chemotherapy (gemcitabine and oxaliplatin) | (38) | |
| Wang (2016) | 37 | 2012–2015 | Prospective | Unresectable pCCA | / | HAIC (oxaliplatin plus 5-FU) | (47) | |
| Kiefer (2010) | 62 | N/A | Retrospective | Unresectable iCCA | / | cTACE (cisplatinum, doxorubicin, mitomycin-C, ethiodol, and polyvinyl alcohol particles) | (48) | |
| Li (2015) | 553 | 2008–2011 | Retrospective | iCCA after hepatectomy | Non-cTACE (n = 431) | cTACE (n = 122) | (49) | |
| Wang (2020) | 335 | 2014–2017 | Retrospective | iCCA after hepatectomy | Non-cTACE (n = 296) | cTACE (n = 39) | (50) | |
| Zheng (2019) | 72 | 2014–2018 | Retrospective | Unresectable pCCA | Biliary drainage tube placement and biliary stent implantation (n = 35) | cTACE (gemcitabine and cisplatin) and extracorporeal radiotherapy after biliary drainage or biliary stent implantation (n = 37) | (52) | |
| Aliberti (2017) | 127 | 2000–2016 | Prospective | Unresectable iCCA | N/A | DEB-TACE loaded with doxorubicin | (55) | |
| Poggi (2009) | 20 | 2005–2008 | Retrospective | Unresectable iCCA | Chemotherapy | DEB-TACE loaded with oxaliplatin | (56) | |
| Luo (2020) | 37 | 2015–2016 | Prospective | Unresectable iCCA | N/A | DEB-TACE loaded with Adriamycin | (57) | |
| Zhou (2020) | 88 | 2015–2018 | Retrospective | Unresectable iCCA | N/A | DEB-TACE treatment with epirubicin | (58) | |
| Ibrahim (2008) | 24 | 2004–2008 | Prospective | Unresectable iCCA | N/A | Y90-RE | (62) | |
| Hoffmann (2011) | 33 | 2007–2010 | Retrospective | Unresectable iCCA | N/A | Y90-RE | (63) | |
iCCA, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; pCCA, perihilar cholangiocarcinoma; HAIC, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy; cTACE, conventional transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; DEB-TACE, drug-eluting bead transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; Y90-RE, yttrium-90 radioembolization; GEM, gemcitabine; 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil; PEG-IFN, pegylated interferon.