Table 7.
Distribution and Rank Ordera of the 15 Most Frequently Reported Adult Possible Ventilator-Associated Pneumoniab (PVAP) Pathogens, by Location Type,c 2015–2017
| Pathogen | Hospital ICUsd | Hospital Wardsa,c | LTACHsa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) Pathogens |
Rank | No. (%) Pathogens |
Rank | No. (%) Pathogens |
Rank | |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 2,673 (28.8) | 1 | 58 (20.1) | 2 | 102 (21.2) | 2 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1,192 (12.9) | 2 | 63 (21.8) | 1 | 157 (32.6) | 1 |
| Selected Klebsiella spp | 936 (10.1) | 3 | 38 (13.1) | 3 | 50 (10.4) | 3 |
| Enterobacter spp | 781 (8.4) | 4 | 18 (6.2) | 4 | 21 (4.4) | 7 |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 550 (5.9) | 5 | 10 (3.5) | 8 | 1 (0.2) | 16 |
| All Streptococcus sppe | 527 (5.7) | 6 | 6 (2.1) | 10 | 1 (0.2) | 16 |
| Escherichia coli | 520 (5.6) | 7 | 14 (4.8) | 7 | 18 (3.7) | 8 |
| Serratia spp | 428 (4.6) | 8 | 6 (2.1) | 10 | 24 (5.0) | 6 |
| Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 372 (4.0) | 9 | 17 (5.9) | 5 | 25 (5.2) | 5 |
| Acinetobacter spp | 294 (3.2) | 10 | 17 (5.9) | 5 | 32 (6.6) | 4 |
| Proteus spp | 134 (1.4) | 11 | 7 (2.4) | 9 | 14 (2.9) | 9 |
| Citrobacter spp | 110 (1.2) | 12 | 6 (2.1) | 10 | 6 (1.2) | 10 |
| Moraxella catarrhalis | 71 (0.8) | 13 | 0 (0.0) | … | 4 (0.8) | 12 |
| Morganella spp | 32 (0.3) | 14 | 0 (0.0) | … | 0 (0.0) | … |
| Burkholderia cepacia | 26 (0.3) | 15 | 0 (0.0) | … | 0 (0.0) | … |
| Haemophilus NOS | 26 (0.3) | 15 | 1 (0.3) | 19 | 0 (0.0) | … |
| Other | 594 (6.4) | 28 (9.7) | 27 (5.6) | |||
| Total | 9,266 (100.0) | 289 (100.0) | 482 (100.0) | |||
Note. ICUs, intensive care units; LTACHs, long-term acute-care hospitals; Selected Klebsiella spp, K. oxytoca and K. pneumoniae; NOS, not otherwise specified.
The 15 most frequently reported pathogens from hospital ICUs are shown, along with their distribution and rank within the other location types. Some rankings within the other location types are not shown: hospital wards #13 (Providencia stuartii), #14 (Achromobacter NOS and Corynebacterium NOS); LTACHs 3 species tied for rank #13, each was reported twice.
PVAP is the only type of ventilator-associated event (VAE) for which a pathogen can be reported.
Location types are mutually exclusive. “Hospital wards” includes step-down units, mixed acuity units, and specialty care areas.
Includes oncology ICUs.
The group ‘All Streptococcus spp’ includes all members of genus Streptococcus, including those not identified to the species level. Streptococcus pneumoniae was frequently reported in hospital ICUs (277, 52.6% of the Streptococcus group).