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. 2021 Jul 12;21:225. doi: 10.1186/s12890-021-01599-z

Table 2.

Rheological parameters of the sputum using a sputum: additive ratio of 10:1

Untreated Water Bicarbonate NaCl
Mean (SD) Mean (SD) p value Mean (SD) p value Mean (SD) p value
For all samples
G′ (at 1 rad/s) 67,359 (± 88,421) 67,175 (± 66,877) > 0.9999 57,423 (± 73,261) 0.9789 126,093 (± 218,382) 0.9996
G″ (at 1 rad/s) 16,900 (± 20,838) 16,808 (± 17,012) > 0.9999 14,590 (± 17,772) 0.9822 32,291 (± 55,925) > 0.9999
tanδ (at 1 rad/s) 0.2654 (± 0.0400) 0.2483 (± 0.0359) 0.7877 0.2700 (± 0.0399) 0.9936 0.3623 (± 0.2026) 0.1841
G′ (at 10 rad/s) 85,329 (± 114,754) 83,220 (± 86,399) > 0.9999 71,183 (± 87,859) 0.9697 82,689 (± 128,089) 0.9999
G″ (at 10 rad/s) 20,040 (± 26,749) 18,140 (± 18,996) 0.9932 16,429 (± 19,110) 0.9576 19,947 (± 29,187) > 0.9999
tanδ (at 10 rad/s) 0.2444 (± 0.0497) 0.2325 (± 0.0447) 0.8464 0.2565 (± 0.0465) 0.8355 0.2669 (± 0.0481) 0.5015
n = 4 n = 4 n = 4 n = 3
For highly elastic sample (G′ > 100 000 Pa)
G′ (at 1 rad/s) 183,109 (± 94,456) 111,662 (± 75,718) 0.3810 74,551 (± 50,395) 0.1225 45,154 (± 34,271) 0.0641
G″ (at 1 rad/s) 43,568 (± 21,332) 27,415 (± 21,453) 0.4412 18,263 (± 11,377) 0.1459 10,924 (± 7285) 0.0745
tanδ (at 1 rad/s) 0.2432 (± 0.0299) 0.2272 (± 0.0362) 0.8908 0.2502 (± 0.0315) 0.9886 0.2526 (± 0.0595) 0.9786
G′ (at 10 rad/s) 236,912 (± 122,817) 145,972 (± 103,271) 0.3999 93,302 (± 60,342) 0.1168 58,010 (± 43,427) 0.0659
G″ (at 10 rad/s) 54,340 (± 29,671) 32,120 (± 24,897) 0.3797 20,330 (± 13,121) 0.1185 13,729 (± 9456) 0.0803
tanδ (at 10 rad/s) 0.2283 (± 0.0243) 0.2075 (± 0.0246) 0.6740 0.2178 (± 0.0061) 0.9320 0.2420 (± 0.0578) 0.8889
n = 7 n = 7 n = 7 n = 6
For elastic sample (100 000 Pa > G′ > 1000 Pa)
G′ (at 1 rad/s) 33,999 (± 23,742) 18,133 (± 21,186) 0.5433 17,151 (± 23,067) 0.9883 27,299 (± 38,056) 0.7230
G″ (at 1 rad/s) 8435 (± 5620) 4919 (± 5606) 0.6247 4664 (± 6284) 0.9900 7122 (± 10,032) 0.5802
tanδ (at 1 rad/s) 0.2549 (± 0.0355) 0.2936 (± 0.0535) > 0.9999 0.3427 (± 0.2224) 0.3416 0.2949 (± 0.0671) 0.7706
G′ (at 10 rad/s) 40,702 (± 28,571) 21,513 (± 25,010) 0.5474 20,935 (± 27,391) 0.9925 35,549 (± 50,749) 0.8276
G″ (at 10 rad/s) 9585 (± 6505) 5303 (± 5905) 0.6678 5298 (± 6824) 0.9989 8913 (± 12,723) 0.7473
tanδ (at 10 rad/s) 0.2421 (± 0.0379) 0.2683 (± 0.0631) 0.7958 0.3427 (± 0.2224) 0.3426 0.2962 (± 0.0835) 0.2537
n = 5 n = 5 n = 4 n = 4
For viscoelastic sample (1000 Pa > G)
G′ (at 1 rad/s) 1453.5 (± 2831.3) 1104.9 (± 1875.1) 0.9921 1306.7 (± 1502.5) 0.9994 10.3 (± 13.3) 0.7975
G″ (at 1 rad/s) 438.8 (± 854.2) 360.2 (± 614.7) 0.9968 393.6 (± 456.2) 0.9994 2.6 (± 2.9) 0.8069
tanδ (at 1 rad/s) 0.2880 (± 0.0269) 0.2623 (± 0.0582) 0.9696 0.2783 (± 0.0368) 0.5187 0.4155 (± 0.2553) 0.9982
G′ (at 10 rad/s) 2309.5 (± 4540.5) 682.8 (± 1132.2) 0.8451 2011.5 (± 2365.9) 0.9986 528.1 (± 709.9) 0.8572
G″ (at 10 rad/s) 698.7 (± 1374.1) 238.0 (± 400.1) 0.8670 557.7 (± 675.9) 0.9948 166.2 (± 226.0) 0.8607
tanδ (at 10 rad/s) 0.2923 (± 0.0142) 0.2743 (± 0.0677) 0.9020 0.2797 (± 0.0222) 0.9614 0.2790 (± 0.0523) 0.9686