Figure 2.

Timeline of stool sample collection across included articles investigating the role of prenatal antibiotic exposure or intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) on infant microbiome composition and/or diversity. Abstracts are denoted with an asterisk (*). Filled diamonds (◆) represent the time at which maternal antibiotic exposure occurred. Filled circles (∙) represent approximate times at which infant samples were collected (timeline not to scale). Articles investigating the use of a single antibiotic are denoted in blue, multiple antibiotics in red, and antibiotic categories in orange. Articles for which the type of antibiotic used was not specified are indicated in green. Type of antibiotic and measures of dose, frequency or duration of use are indicated for each study, where possible