Table 2.

Self-assembling proteins and peptides for antigen and/or drug delivery and used for cancer vaccine formulations.

Protein/peptide system	Antigen	Adjuvant/drug combination	Cancer	Type of study	Reference
HBcAg	HPV E7	-	cervical cancer	mouse	[209]
HBcAg	IL-33	-	4T1 breast cancer	mouse	[210]
HBcAg	FGF-2	-	TC-1 lung cancer	mouse	[211]
PVX	-	doxorubicin	B16 melanoma	mouse	[212]
PVX	HER2	-	Her2+ cancer	mouse	[213]
CPMV	-	-	B16 melanoma, 4T1 breast cancer, CT26 colon cancer	mouse	[214]
Qbeta	Melan-A/MART-1	CpG, IFA, imiquimod	melanoma	human	[215]
Qbeta	TACAs	CFA/IFA; MPLA, cyclophosphamide	TA3H adenocarcinoma	mouse	[216]
Fd phage	OVA	galactosylcera amide	B16-OVA melanoma	mouse	[217]
MS2 phage	HPV-L2	alum	cervical cancer	mouse	[218]
RHDV	Gp100	mannosylation	B16.gp33 melanoma	mouse	[219]
E2	NY-ESO, MAGE-A3	CpG	A375 melanoma MCF-7 breast cancer	mouse	[220]
Ferritin	RFP	-	B16-RFP melanoma	mouse	[221]
Ferritin	HPV16 E7; MC38	anti -PD1 antibody	TC1-E7 lung, MC38 colon adenocarcinoma	mouse	[222]
HSP65	STEAP1	-	RM-1 prostate cancer	mouse	[223]
Vault	-	CCL21 chemokine	GL261 glioblastoma	mouse	[224]
Q11	MUC-1	-	MCF-7 breast cancer	human, mouse	[74]
Q11	OVA	-	-	mouse	[225]
KFE8	OVA	-	-	mouse	[226]
Coil29	EGFRvIII, PADRE, OVA	CFA/IFA	glioblastoma	mouse	[227]
Coil29	MUC1	-	breast cancer	human	[227]
PNC	OFA	-	-	mouse	[228]
RADA16	OVA	DC/anti PD-L1	EG7-OVA (lymphoma)	mouse	[229]
FK	Autologous tumor cells	PD-L1 inhibitor JQ1	4T1 breast cancer	mouse	[230]

Abbreviations: HBcAg, hepatitis B core antigen; FGF-2, fibroblast growth factor; Qbeta, bacteriophage Qbeta; CFA/IFA, Freund’s complete/incomplete adjuvant; TACAs, tumor-associated carbohydrates; OVA, ovalbumin; RFP, red fluorescent protein; STEAP1, six transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1; PNC, peptide nanoclusters; OFA, oncofetal antigen; DC, dendritic cells; FK, Fmoc-KCRGDK