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. 2021 Jul 13;2021(7):CD009434. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009434.pub2

Lizarelli 2007.

Study characteristics
Methods Study type: RCT (single‐blinded, split‐mouth design)
Duration of trial: not mentioned
Duration of follow‐up: 3 months
Participants Setting: Sao Carlos Federal University, Brazil
Inclusion criteria: male and female patients with cervical dentinal hypersensitivity
Exclusion criteria: indication for or already performed endodontic treatment, extensive restorative treatment, decay, and severe periodontal disease
Total number: 60 patients; 144 teeth
Age range: not mentioned (older than 18)
Sex (M/F): not mentioned
Interventions Group 1: treated with light emitting diode laser
Details: a twin laser used equipped with 2 handpieces, 1 emitting in infrared (780 nm) and 1 in the red (660 nm) band; the 660 nm handpiece with a power setting of 40 mW was chosen; laser beam spot diameter was 4 mm
Group 2: treated with light emitting diode therapy
Details: device emits at a spectral band of 630 nm, presenting a constant power of 230 mW. The spot size of 4 mm is equivalent to that of the low‐intensity laser system
Both had same delivery tip, in order to focus the light beam from the laser source to the target tissue
Group 3: placebo (no irradiation)
Outcomes Using VAS at baseline, 15, 30, and 60 days after last application
Notes Baseline characteristics: dentinal hypersensitivity was assessed by 2 to 3 s air blast stimulation; after the stimulus, the patient was asked to mark the intensity of pain on a VAS, which was marked on the left end 'no pain' and on the right end 'extreme pain'
Sample size calculation: not mentioned in the study
Source of funding: not mentioned in the study
Ethics approval: not mentioned in the study
Informed consent: quote: "Informed consent describing risk and benefits of the respective treatments was obtained from all subjects before participation in the study"
Adverse events: none
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Unclear risk Insufficient information provided
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk Insufficient information provided
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)
All outcomes Low risk Use of placebos might reduce performance bias. It was impossible to blind personnel in this study design, but the outcome is not likely to be influenced by lack of blinding
Comment: this study was described as a "single‐blind study" in the abstract. However, the details of blinding (study personnel as outcome assessor or patients) was not described in the study
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)
All outcomes Unclear risk Insufficient information provided
Comment: this study was described as a "single‐blind study" in the abstract. However, the details of blinding (study personnel as outcome assessor or patients) was not described in the study
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes Unclear risk Insufficient reporting of attrition/exclusions
Incomplete outcome data was not mentioned in the study. However, we can appreciate that they had dropouts by comparing the number of teeth between table 1 and 2. It seems that participants who did not complete the follow‐up sessions were excluded from the study
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Low risk All intended outcomes were reported in the study. However, tables with number of teeth with improved or worsened hypersensitivity and only bar charts were reported as a result (Fisher's test was used). They cannot be entered in a meta‐analysis
Quote: "A 95% confidence interval was used for all analysis"
Other bias Low risk No other sources of bias were identified
Source of funding, ethics approval and sample size calculation were not described in the study