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. 2021 Jul 1;148(13):dev196519. doi: 10.1242/dev.196519

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5.

Altered mechanical loading upregulates BMP signaling and impairs valve thinning in vivo. (A) Photo showing left atrial ligation of the chicken embryo heart. (B) Number of cells positive for pSmad1 and pSmad5, n=3 sections from independent embryos per condition, data are mean±s.d. (C) Immunohistochemical images of HH30 chick mitral valve stained for pSmad1 and pSmad5 and MF20 (myocardial marker) with arrowheads indicating location on the atrial aspect with increased pSmad1 and pSmad5 signaling under LAL. Scale bars: 100 μm, LV, left ventricle; LA, left atrium, *P<0.05, **P<0.01 (two-tailed unpaired t-test).