Table 3.

Comparisons among different predictive models

Predictive Models	R-squared			RMSE
	Improvement of R-squared (95% CI)	Difference of R-squared (95% CI)	P-value	Improvement of RMSE (95% CI)	Difference of RMSE (95% CI)	P-value
Model 1: traditional risk factorsa	Reference	Reference	–	Reference	Reference	–
Model 2: Model 1+ PLS-derived scoreb	1.66%	3.45 × 10 –3 (1.65 × 10 –3 -5.24 × 10 -3 )	1.67 × 10 –4	-0.22%	-2.37 × 10 –4 (-4.42 × 10 -4 -3.12 × 10 –5 )	0.02
Model 3: Model 1 + linear regression analysis-derived scorec	0.88%	1.90 × 10 –3 (1.65 × 10–5-3.60 × 10–3)	4.79 × 10 –2	-0.12%	-1.25 × 10–4 (-3.30 × 10–4 -8.05 × 10–5)	0.23

Bolding signifies a p-value < 0.05.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; RMAE, root mean squared error; PLS, partial least squares;

^a Including age, body mass index, regular exercise, alcohol drinking, calcium supplementation, physically demanding job, annual family income, and years since menopause.

^b Generated using 2-Methyl-3-hydroxybutyric acid, PC(18:0/18:1(9Z)), PC(16:0/16:0), LysoPC(18:0), D-mannose, Methoxyacetic acid, Uracil, L-carnitine, Glutaraldehyde, Glycolate, Glycocholic acid, Cortisone.

^c Generated using dodecanoic acid, Myristic acid, Arachidonic acid, Alpha-D-glucose, Paraxanthine, D-proline, Phe-cys, Glycochenodeoxycholate.